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Biology MCQs

210 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

  • A A
  • B O negative
  • C B
  • D AB
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — O negative
Explanation: O negative blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens, making it compatible with recipients of any blood type in emergency transfusions. This universal compatibility makes O negative blood especially valuable in medical emergencies and trauma care.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
122
Hard css fpsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of ecological succession begins on bare rock or sand where no soil exists?

  • A Secondary succession
  • B Allogenic succession
  • C Biotic succession
  • D Primary succession
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Correct Answer: Option D — Primary succession
Explanation: Primary succession occurs on bare substrates like bare rock lava fields or sand dunes where no soil or previous living community exists starting from pioneer species like lichens.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
123
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for organisms that can make their own food through photosynthesis?

  • A Decomposers
  • B Consumers
  • C Heterotrophs
  • D Autotrophs
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Correct Answer: Option D — Autotrophs
Explanation: Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own organic food from inorganic substances using energy from sunlight through photosynthesis or from chemicals through chemosynthesis.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
124
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Which reproductive method involves the fusion of male and female gametes?

  • A Asexual reproduction
  • B Budding
  • C Sexual reproduction
  • D Binary fission
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Correct Answer: Option C — Sexual reproduction
Explanation: Sexual reproduction involves the union of male and female gametes, combining genetic material from two parents to produce offspring with genetic variation. This process increases diversity, aiding species adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
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125
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Which vitamin is produced when human skin is exposed to sunlight?

  • A Vitamin A
  • B Vitamin C
  • C Vitamin D
  • D Vitamin K
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Correct Answer: Option C — Vitamin D
Explanation: Sunlight triggers a chemical reaction in skin cells that converts a cholesterol derivative into Vitamin D. This vitamin is essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and proper immune system functioning in humans.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
126
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of nutrition involves organisms that feed on dead and decaying organic matter?

  • A Saprotrophic
  • B Autotrophic
  • C Holozoic
  • D Parasitic
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Correct Answer: Option A — Saprotrophic
Explanation: Saprotrophic nutrition involves organisms such as fungi and bacteria secreting digestive enzymes onto dead organic matter and absorbing the digested nutrients playing a key role in decomposition.
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127
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What is the term for a genetically determined characteristic passed from parent to offspring?

  • A Trait
  • B Mutation
  • C Phenotype
  • D Adaptation
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Trait
Explanation: A trait is a specific genetically determined characteristic, such as eye color or height, inherited from one or both parents. Traits are governed by genes located on chromosomes and can be dominant or recessive.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
128
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

  • A Nucleus
  • B Ribosome
  • C Mitochondria
  • D Golgi apparatus
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Correct Answer: Option C — Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP through the process of cellular respiration providing energy for all cellular activities.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
129
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What is the term for the loss of biodiversity due to species dying out completely?

  • A Migration
  • B Extinction
  • C Adaptation
  • D Hibernation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Extinction
Explanation: Extinction occurs when a species completely disappears from Earth, often due to habitat loss, climate change, or human activity. Once extinct, a species and its unique genetic contributions to biodiversity are permanently lost.
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130
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of disease is caused by a pathogen and can be transmitted from one person to another?

  • A Deficiency disease
  • B Communicable disease
  • C Genetic disease
  • D Degenerative disease
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Correct Answer: Option B — Communicable disease
Explanation: Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria viruses fungi or parasites and can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another.
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131
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed?

  • A Mutualism
  • B Parasitism
  • C Amensalism
  • D Commensalism
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Correct Answer: Option D — Commensalism
Explanation: Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped such as barnacles attaching to whales for transport.
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132
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Which molecule is the primary source of energy for most cellular activities?

  • A Protein
  • B DNA
  • C Glucose
  • D Cholesterol
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Correct Answer: Option C — Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is a simple sugar broken down during cellular respiration to release energy stored in its chemical bonds. This energy is captured as ATP, which powers essential cellular functions including movement, growth, and repair.
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133
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting water and minerals?

  • A Xylem
  • B Phloem
  • C Epidermis
  • D Cambium
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Correct Answer: Option A — Xylem
Explanation: Xylem tissue consists of specialized cells that form continuous tubes transporting water and dissolved minerals from roots upward to leaves and other plant parts, supporting photosynthesis and maintaining overall plant hydration and structural rigidity.
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134
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What is the term for two different alleles for a trait in an organism?

  • A Homozygous
  • B Codominant
  • C Dominant
  • D Heterozygous
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Correct Answer: Option D — Heterozygous
Explanation: Heterozygous describes an organism that has two different alleles for a particular gene one dominant and one recessive with the dominant allele typically expressed in the phenotype.
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135
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the scientific study of heredity and genetic variation called?

  • A Ecology
  • B Biochemistry
  • C Genetics
  • D Cytology
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Correct Answer: Option C — Genetics
Explanation: Genetics is the branch of biology that studies heredity and genetic variation in organisms exploring how traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
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136
Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which gas is essential for aerobic cellular respiration?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Oxygen
  • C Nitrogen
  • D Hydrogen
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is required in aerobic respiration to efficiently break down glucose and release energy in the form of ATP. Without sufficient oxygen, cells must rely on less efficient anaerobic pathways, producing far less usable energy.
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137
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which structure in flowering plants contains ovules that develop into seeds after fertilisation?

  • A Stamen
  • B Petal
  • C Ovary
  • D Anther
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Ovary
Explanation: The ovary is the female reproductive structure in flowering plants containing ovules that after fertilisation develop into seeds while the ovary wall develops into the surrounding fruit.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
138
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

How many chambers does the human heart have?

  • A Two
  • B Three
  • C Four
  • D Five
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Four
Explanation: The human heart has four chambers two upper atria that receive blood and two lower ventricles that pump blood ensuring separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
139
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What is the term for an organism capable of living both on land and in water?

  • A Reptile
  • B Mammal
  • C Fish
  • D Amphibian
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Correct Answer: Option D — Amphibian
Explanation: Amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders, typically begin life in water as larvae with gills before metamorphosing into air-breathing adults capable of living on land, though many still require moisture to survive.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
140
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for organisms that break down dead organic matter?

  • A Producers
  • B Consumers
  • C Decomposers
  • D Predators
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Decomposers
Explanation: Decomposers, including fungi and bacteria, break down dead plants and animals into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. Without decomposers, nutrients would remain locked in organic matter, disrupting ecological balance.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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