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Biology MCQs

33 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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1
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for a population of organisms of the same species living in a specific area?

  • A Community
  • B Population
  • C Ecosystem
  • D Biome
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Population
Explanation: A population refers to a group of individuals belonging to the same species that live in a specific geographic area and can interbreed. Population studies help scientists understand growth patterns, density, and species survival dynamics.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
2
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for an organism's observable physical characteristics?

  • A Genotype
  • B Karyotype
  • C Phenotype
  • D Chromatype
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Phenotype
Explanation: Phenotype refers to the observable physical, biochemical, and behavioral traits of an organism, resulting from the interaction between its genetic makeup and environmental influences. Examples include height, eye color, and blood type.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
3
Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which human body system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves?

  • A Circulatory system
  • B Nervous system
  • C Digestive system
  • D Respiratory system
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Nervous system
Explanation: The nervous system coordinates body functions by transmitting electrical and chemical signals between the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It controls voluntary movements, involuntary functions, sensory perception, and rapid response to stimuli.
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4
Hard ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for a species introduced to a new environment that causes ecological harm?

  • A Endemic species
  • B Invasive species
  • C Native species
  • D Keystone species
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Invasive species
Explanation: Invasive species are non-native organisms introduced into new ecosystems, often outcompeting native species for resources and disrupting established ecological balance. They can cause significant economic and environmental damage without natural predators to control them.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
5
Hard pms Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the sequence of organisms through which energy flows in an ecosystem?

  • A Food web
  • B Trophic level
  • C Biomass pyramid
  • D Food chain
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Food chain
Explanation: A food chain represents a linear sequence showing how energy and nutrients pass from one organism to another, starting with producers and moving through various levels of consumers, ending typically with decomposers.
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6
Hard css fpsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the scientific study of fungi called?

  • A Bacteriology
  • B Virology
  • C Mycology
  • D Botany
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Mycology
Explanation: Mycology is the branch of biology dedicated to the scientific study of fungi including their genetics biochemistry ecology and taxonomy.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
7
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which blood vessel type has the thinnest walls, allowing exchange of substances with tissues?

  • A Capillaries
  • B Arteries
  • C Veins
  • D Venules
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Capillaries
Explanation: Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels with extremely thin, single-cell-layer walls that permit efficient exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between blood and surrounding body tissues at the cellular level.
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8
Hard pms Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which type of teeth are primarily used for tearing meat in carnivorous animals?

  • A Incisors
  • B Molars
  • C Premolars
  • D Canines
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Canines
Explanation: Canine teeth are pointed and elongated, specially adapted for gripping and tearing flesh in carnivorous animals. Their sharp structure allows effective puncturing and ripping of meat, distinguishing them from flat grinding molars.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
9
Hard css Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of starch?

  • A Pepsin
  • B Amylase
  • C Lipase
  • D Trypsin
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Amylase
Explanation: Salivary amylase begins breaking down starch molecules into simpler sugars while food is still being chewed in the mouth. This initial digestion continues briefly in the stomach until stomach acid deactivates the enzyme.
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10
Hard css fpsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which organisms survive extreme heat and drought by entering a dormant state?

  • A Aestivation
  • B Hibernation
  • C Migration
  • D Dormancy only
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Aestivation
Explanation: Aestivation is a state of dormancy similar to hibernation but entered during hot and dry summer conditions by animals like lungfish snails and some amphibians to prevent dehydration.
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11
Hard css fpsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which the kidneys filter blood to form urine?

  • A Ultrafiltration
  • B Secretion
  • C Reabsorption
  • D Digestion
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Ultrafiltration
Explanation: Ultrafiltration is the first process in urine formation where high pressure in the glomerulus forces water glucose salts and urea out of the blood into the Bowman's capsule.
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12
Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the study of heredity and variation in organisms called?

  • A Ecology
  • B Taxonomy
  • C Genetics
  • D Physiology
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Genetics
Explanation: Genetics is the branch of biology studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments laid the foundation for understanding patterns of inheritance and genetic variation.
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13
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of white blood cell produces antibodies against specific pathogens?

  • A Neutrophils
  • B B lymphocytes
  • C Monocytes
  • D Eosinophils
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — B lymphocytes
Explanation: B lymphocytes or B cells are white blood cells that produce specific antibodies when activated by an antigen providing targeted humoral immunity against pathogens.
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14
Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for a trait that is masked by another trait in heterozygous organisms?

  • A Dominant
  • B Homozygous
  • C Recessive
  • D Codominant
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Recessive
Explanation: A recessive trait is one that is masked by a dominant allele when both are present in a heterozygous organism. Recessive traits only appear physically when an individual inherits two copies of the recessive allele.
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15
Hard ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the primary greenhouse gas released during respiration?

  • A Oxygen
  • B Nitrogen
  • C Methane
  • D Carbon dioxide
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Carbon dioxide
Explanation: During cellular respiration, organisms break down glucose using oxygen and release carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. This gas is exhaled by animals and also released by plants during nighttime respiration processes.
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16
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which type of white blood cell produces specific antibodies against antigens?

  • A Neutrophils
  • B B lymphocytes
  • C Monocytes
  • D Cytotoxic T cells
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — B lymphocytes
Explanation: B lymphocytes or B cells are white blood cells that when activated by an antigen differentiate into plasma cells that produce large quantities of specific antibodies for humoral immunity.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
17
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which process converts excess amino acids into urea in the liver for kidney excretion?

  • A Deamination
  • B Denaturation
  • C Gluconeogenesis
  • D Glycolysis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Deamination
Explanation: Deamination occurs in liver cells where the amino group is removed from excess amino acids and converted into urea which is then excreted by the kidneys in urine.
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18
Hard css fpsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of ecological succession begins on bare rock or sand where no soil exists?

  • A Secondary succession
  • B Allogenic succession
  • C Biotic succession
  • D Primary succession
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Primary succession
Explanation: Primary succession occurs on bare substrates like bare rock lava fields or sand dunes where no soil or previous living community exists starting from pioneer species like lichens.
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19
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting water and minerals?

  • A Xylem
  • B Phloem
  • C Epidermis
  • D Cambium
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Xylem
Explanation: Xylem tissue consists of specialized cells that form continuous tubes transporting water and dissolved minerals from roots upward to leaves and other plant parts, supporting photosynthesis and maintaining overall plant hydration and structural rigidity.
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20
Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which gas is essential for aerobic cellular respiration?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Oxygen
  • C Nitrogen
  • D Hydrogen
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is required in aerobic respiration to efficiently break down glucose and release energy in the form of ATP. Without sufficient oxygen, cells must rely on less efficient anaerobic pathways, producing far less usable energy.
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