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Biology MCQs

121 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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1
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?

  • A Mutualism
  • B Commensalism
  • C Amensalism
  • D Parasitism
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Correct Answer: Option D — Parasitism
Explanation: Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism the parasite benefits at the expense of the other the host causing it harm such as tapeworms in the intestines.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
2
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What is the main function of red blood cells?

  • A Fighting infection
  • B Transporting oxygen
  • C Clotting blood
  • D Producing antibodies
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Correct Answer: Option B — Transporting oxygen
Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it to body tissues. They also help carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation, sustaining cellular respiration.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
3
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What is the term for two identical alleles for a trait in an organism?

  • A Homozygous
  • B Heterozygous
  • C Carrier
  • D Codominant
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Correct Answer: Option A — Homozygous
Explanation: Homozygous describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular gene either both dominant or both recessive determining the trait expressed in the phenotype.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
4
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Which blood group is known as the universal recipient?

  • A O negative
  • B AB positive
  • C A positive
  • D B positive
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Correct Answer: Option B — AB positive
Explanation: AB positive blood group is the universal recipient because individuals with this blood type can receive blood from donors of any ABO and Rh blood group.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
5
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for a group of similar cells performing a specific function?

  • A Tissue
  • B Organ
  • C System
  • D Organelle
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Correct Answer: Option A — Tissue
Explanation: Tissue consists of a collection of similar cells working together to perform a specific function within an organism. Examples include muscle tissue for movement, nervous tissue for signal transmission, and epithelial tissue for protection.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
6
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which type of plant reproduction involves new plants growing from cuttings runners or bulbs?

  • A Pollination
  • B Fertilisation
  • C Seed dispersal
  • D Vegetative propagation
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Correct Answer: Option D — Vegetative propagation
Explanation: Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from vegetative parts such as cuttings runners bulbs or tubers without the need for seeds or flowers.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
7
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the scientific name for the study of classification of organisms?

  • A Morphology
  • B Ecology
  • C Taxonomy
  • D Physiology
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Correct Answer: Option C — Taxonomy
Explanation: Taxonomy is the branch of biology dealing with the classification identification and naming of organisms into a hierarchical system of kingdoms phyla classes orders families genera and species.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
8
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Which part of the brain controls vital involuntary functions such as breathing heart rate and blood pressure?

  • A Cerebrum
  • B Cerebellum
  • C Thalamus
  • D Medulla oblongata
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Correct Answer: Option D — Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The medulla oblongata located in the brainstem regulates vital involuntary functions including breathing heart rate blood pressure and reflexes essential for survival.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
9
Medium css Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

  • A Ionic bond
  • B Covalent bond
  • C Hydrogen bond
  • D Metallic bond
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Correct Answer: Option C — Hydrogen bond
Explanation: Hydrogen bonds form between complementary nitrogenous bases, adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine, holding the double helix structure together. These bonds are relatively weak, allowing DNA strands to separate during replication.
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10
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What is the term for all the populations of different species living and interacting in the same area?

  • A Community
  • B Population
  • C Biosphere
  • D Ecosystem
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Correct Answer: Option A — Community
Explanation: A community is an assemblage of populations of different species that live and interact in the same geographical area at a given time sharing resources and affecting each other.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
11
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA?

  • A Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel
  • B Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek
  • C James Watson and Francis Crick
  • D Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — James Watson and Francis Crick
Explanation: James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA in 1953 using X-ray diffraction data from Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
12
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Which type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

  • A mRNA
  • B rRNA
  • C tRNA
  • D snRNA
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Correct Answer: Option C — tRNA
Explanation: Transfer RNA or tRNA is responsible for bringing specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation each tRNA has an anticodon that matches a codon on the mRNA.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
13
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for a substance that triggers an immune response in the body?

  • A Antibody
  • B Enzyme
  • C Antigen
  • D Hormone
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Correct Answer: Option C — Antigen
Explanation: An antigen is any substance usually a protein on the surface of a pathogen that is recognised as foreign by the immune system and triggers the production of specific antibodies.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
14
Medium nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which process allows gases to move in and out of cells without using energy?

  • A Active transport
  • B Diffusion
  • C Endocytosis
  • D Exocytosis
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Correct Answer: Option B — Diffusion
Explanation: Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration across cell membranes, requiring no cellular energy expenditure to occur naturally.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
15
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

  • A Energy production
  • B Protein synthesis
  • C DNA replication
  • D Modifying packaging and dispatching proteins
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Correct Answer: Option D — Modifying packaging and dispatching proteins
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus modifies sorts and packages proteins and lipids received from the endoplasmic reticulum and dispatches them to their correct destinations inside or outside the cell.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
16
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What is the term for the variety of life on Earth including all species ecosystems and genetic variation?

  • A Evolution
  • B Biodiversity
  • C Ecology
  • D Taxonomy
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Biodiversity
Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth at all levels including genetic diversity species diversity and ecosystem diversity and is essential for ecosystem stability.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
17
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the term for organisms that maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes?

  • A Homeostasis
  • B Adaptation
  • C Metabolism
  • D Evolution
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Homeostasis
Explanation: Homeostasis is the ability of living organisms to maintain stable internal conditions such as body temperature blood glucose and pH despite changes in the external environment.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
18
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of tissue in plants transports water and minerals from roots to leaves?

  • A Phloem
  • B Cambium
  • C Epidermis
  • D Xylem
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Correct Answer: Option D — Xylem
Explanation: Xylem is the vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots upward through the stem to the leaves through a process driven by transpiration.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
19
Medium css Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which human organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?

  • A Liver
  • B Spleen
  • C Pancreas
  • D Kidney
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Correct Answer: Option D — Kidney
Explanation: Kidneys filter waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream, forming urine for excretion. They also regulate blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cell production, making them vital for maintaining internal body stability.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
20
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism?

  • A Mutation
  • B Adaptation
  • C Variation
  • D Allele
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Mutation
Explanation: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism that can alter gene function and may be inherited by offspring potentially causing genetic disorders or driving evolution.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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