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Biology MCQs

210 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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181
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Which structure in plant cells is responsible for storing water and maintaining turgor pressure?

  • A Chloroplast
  • B Nucleus
  • C Mitochondria
  • D Vacuole
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Correct Answer: Option D — Vacuole
Explanation: The central vacuole in plant cells stores water, nutrients, and waste products while maintaining internal pressure against the cell wall. This turgor pressure keeps plant tissues rigid and helps support the overall plant structure.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
182
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What is the process by which cells engulf large particles by wrapping the cell membrane around them?

  • A Phagocytosis
  • B Osmosis
  • C Diffusion
  • D Pinocytosis
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Correct Answer: Option A — Phagocytosis
Explanation: Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where the cell membrane wraps around large solid particles such as bacteria and engulfs them forming a phagosome inside the cell.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
183
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the largest organ in the human body?

  • A Skin
  • B Liver
  • C Lungs
  • D Heart
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Correct Answer: Option A — Skin
Explanation: The skin is the largest organ of the human body covering the entire external surface and functions as a protective barrier regulating temperature and enabling sensation.
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184
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Which part of the digestive system primarily absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream?

  • A Stomach
  • B Large intestine
  • C Small intestine
  • D Esophagus
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Correct Answer: Option C — Small intestine
Explanation: The small intestine, lined with finger-like projections called villi, provides a large surface area for absorbing digested nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats directly into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body.
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185
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Which plant hormone signals guard cells to close stomata during drought conditions?

  • A Abscisic acid
  • B Auxin
  • C Gibberellin
  • D Cytokinin
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Correct Answer: Option A — Abscisic acid
Explanation: Abscisic acid ABA is a plant stress hormone that signals guard cells surrounding stomata to close during drought conditions reducing water loss through transpiration.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
186
Easy nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

  • A Tissue
  • B Cell
  • C Organ
  • D Organelle
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Correct Answer: Option B — Cell
Explanation: The cell is the smallest unit capable of independent life. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells that carry out essential functions including metabolism, growth, and reproduction, as first described by cell theory.
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187
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What is the term for the movement of water from a region of high water concentration to low concentration through a semipermeable membrane?

  • A Diffusion
  • B Osmosis
  • C Active transport
  • D Endocytosis
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Correct Answer: Option B — Osmosis
Explanation: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water potential to low water potential without requiring energy.
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188
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What is the term for the sum of all chemical reactions occurring within an organism?

  • A Metabolism
  • B Homeostasis
  • C Catabolism
  • D Anabolism
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Correct Answer: Option A — Metabolism
Explanation: Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within a living organism, including both the breakdown of molecules to release energy and the building of complex molecules necessary for growth, repair, and cellular function.
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189
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What is the term for plants that complete their life cycle in one year?

  • A Perennial
  • B Biennial
  • C Deciduous
  • D Annual
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Correct Answer: Option D — Annual
Explanation: Annual plants germinate, grow, flower, produce seeds, and die within a single growing season. Common examples include many vegetables and garden flowers, which must be replanted each year from seed to continue their cycle.
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190
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What is the broadest level of biological classification?

  • A Domain
  • B Order
  • C Family
  • D Kingdom
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Correct Answer: Option A — Domain
Explanation: Domain is the broadest level in the modern biological classification system above kingdom and includes three domains Bacteria Archaea and Eukarya.
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191
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Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels by promoting its uptake by cells?

  • A Glucagon
  • B Adrenaline
  • C Thyroxine
  • D Insulin
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Correct Answer: Option D — Insulin
Explanation: Insulin produced by the beta cells of the pancreas lowers blood glucose levels by promoting its uptake by body cells and stimulating its conversion to glycogen in the liver.
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192
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What is the term for organisms that live inside or on another organism and cause it harm?

  • A Parasites
  • B Predators
  • C Symbionts
  • D Scavengers
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Correct Answer: Option A — Parasites
Explanation: Parasites live in or on a host organism, deriving nutrients at the host's expense, often causing harm or disease. Examples include tapeworms, fleas, and certain protozoa responsible for illnesses like malaria in humans.
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193
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Which kingdom includes organisms like mushrooms and yeast?

  • A Plantae
  • B Fungi
  • C Animalia
  • D Protista
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Correct Answer: Option B — Fungi
Explanation: Fungi form a distinct kingdom of organisms that absorb nutrients from their environment rather than producing food through photosynthesis. They include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, and play key roles as decomposers in ecosystems.
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194
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Which process copies DNA information into mRNA in the nucleus?

  • A Translation
  • B Replication
  • C Transduction
  • D Transcription
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Correct Answer: Option D — Transcription
Explanation: Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into mRNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase taking place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
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195
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What is the process by which organisms break down glucose to release energy?

  • A Digestion
  • B Photosynthesis
  • C Cellular respiration
  • D Transpiration
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Correct Answer: Option C — Cellular respiration
Explanation: Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP carbon dioxide and water releasing energy for cellular activities.
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196
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Which stage of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

  • A Prophase
  • B Metaphase
  • C Anaphase
  • D Telophase
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Correct Answer: Option B — Metaphase
Explanation: During metaphase, chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane, attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles. This precise alignment ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical and complete set of chromosomes during division.
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197
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Which organelle within the nucleus is responsible for producing ribosomal RNA?

  • A Centrosome
  • B Nucleolus
  • C Centriole
  • D Golgi body
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Correct Answer: Option B — Nucleolus
Explanation: The nucleolus is a dense region within the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomal RNA and assembling ribosome subunits that are then exported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
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198
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Which gas is released by plants as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Nitrogen
  • C Oxygen
  • D Water vapour
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Correct Answer: Option C — Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis during the light-dependent reactions when water molecules are split through photolysis providing electrons to replace those lost by chlorophyll.
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199
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What is the deficiency disease caused by lack of Vitamin D in children?

  • A Scurvy
  • B Rickets
  • C Beriberi
  • D Pellagra
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Correct Answer: Option B — Rickets
Explanation: Rickets is caused by Vitamin D deficiency in children leading to impaired calcium and phosphorus absorption resulting in weak soft and deformed bones.
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200
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What is the term for the specialized cells that transmit electrical impulses in the nervous system?

  • A Muscle cells
  • B Epithelial cells
  • C Blood cells
  • D Neurons
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Correct Answer: Option D — Neurons
Explanation: Neurons are specialized cells designed to transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system. They consist of a cell body, dendrites for receiving signals, and an axon for sending impulses to other cells.
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