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Chemistry MCQs

235 Questions Subject Test
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Practice the essential concepts of matter, atomic structure, chemical reactions, bonding and everyday applications of chemistry.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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121
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Which law states that the amount of substance deposited during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed?

  • A Boyle's Law
  • B Gay-Lussac's Law
  • C Avogadro's Law
  • D Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis
Explanation: Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis states that the mass of a substance deposited at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of charge passed.
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122
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Which quantum number describes the shape of an orbital?

  • A Azimuthal quantum number
  • B Magnetic quantum number
  • C Spin quantum number
  • D Principal quantum number
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Correct Answer: Option A — Azimuthal quantum number
Explanation: The azimuthal quantum number, also called the angular momentum quantum number, determines the shape of an electron's orbital such as s, p, d, or f. It ranges in value from 0 to n-1 for a given energy level.
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123
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Which type of chemical bond exists between water molecules causing its unusually high boiling point?

  • A Covalent bond
  • B Hydrogen bond
  • C Ionic bond
  • D Van der Waals force
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen bond
Explanation: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are responsible for water's unusually high boiling point surface tension and many other unique properties essential for life.
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124
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What is the main component of natural gas?

  • A Propane
  • B Butane
  • C Ethane
  • D Methane
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Methane
Explanation: Methane is the primary component of natural gas, making up the majority of its composition. It is a simple hydrocarbon consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms and burns cleanly as fuel.
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125
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What is the pH of gastric acid in the human stomach approximately?

  • A 1 to 2
  • B 5 to 6
  • C 7
  • D 9 to 10
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — 1 to 2
Explanation: Gastric acid in the human stomach has a pH ranging from approximately 1 to 2, making it highly acidic. This acidic environment helps break down food and kill harmful bacteria that may be ingested with meals.
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126
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What is the chemical formula for sucrose the common table sugar?

  • A C6H12O6
  • B C12H10O11
  • C C12H22O11
  • D C6H10O5
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — C12H22O11
Explanation: Sucrose the common table sugar has the formula C12H22O11 and is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose joined by a glycosidic bond formed during a condensation reaction.
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127
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Which type of reaction releases energy to the surroundings causing the temperature to rise?

  • A Endothermic
  • B Reversible
  • C Equilibrium
  • D Exothermic
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Correct Answer: Option D — Exothermic
Explanation: Exothermic reactions release energy to the surroundings causing a temperature rise as bonds formed in products are stronger than bonds broken in reactants such as combustion.
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128
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What type of reaction occurs between an acid and a base?

  • A Combustion reaction
  • B Decomposition reaction
  • C Redox reaction
  • D Neutralization reaction
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Neutralization reaction
Explanation: A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water. This reaction typically results in a solution with a pH closer to neutral, depending on the strength of reactants.
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129
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Which type of organic compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms?

  • A Hydrocarbons
  • B Alcohols
  • C Carbohydrates
  • D Carboxylic acids
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Hydrocarbons
Explanation: Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms and include alkanes alkenes alkynes and aromatic compounds such as benzene.
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130
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which gas is released during photosynthesis?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Oxygen
  • C Nitrogen
  • D Hydrogen
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Oxygen
Explanation: Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct when plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight. This process is vital for maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels that support most life forms on Earth.
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131
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons?

  • A Covalent bond
  • B Ionic bond
  • C Metallic bond
  • D Coordinate bond
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Ionic bond
Explanation: An ionic bond forms through the complete transfer of one or more electrons from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other through strong electrostatic forces.
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132
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Which type of organic reaction involves the addition of bromine water across a carbon to carbon double bond?

  • A Addition
  • B Substitution
  • C Elimination
  • D Hydrolysis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Addition
Explanation: Addition reactions involve adding molecules across the carbon to carbon double bond of an alkene such as the decolourisation of bromine water used as a test for unsaturation.
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133
Easy fpsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following elements belongs to Group 17 of the periodic table?

  • A Sulfur
  • B Phosphorus
  • C Oxygen
  • D Chlorine
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Correct Answer: Option D — Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine belongs to Group 17, known as the halogens, characterized by having seven valence electrons. These elements are highly reactive nonmetals that readily gain one electron to form stable negative ions.
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134
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Which type of reaction involves an acid reacting with a base to form salt and water?

  • A Decomposition
  • B Redox
  • C Neutralisation
  • D Precipitation
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Neutralisation
Explanation: Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water for example hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water.
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135
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Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

  • A Sodium
  • B Lithium
  • C Potassium
  • D Mercury
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that remains in liquid form at standard room temperature due to its unique atomic structure and weak metallic bonding. It is used in thermometers, though its toxicity limits its modern applications.
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136
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which acid is present in vinegar?

  • A Citric acid
  • B Acetic acid
  • C Lactic acid
  • D Formic acid
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Acetic acid
Explanation: Vinegar contains acetic acid, typically at a concentration of 4-8%. This weak organic acid gives vinegar its characteristic sour taste and pungent smell, and is produced through fermentation of ethanol by bacteria.
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137
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which polymer is used to make plastic water bottles and is identified by recycling code 1?

  • A PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • B PVC
  • C Polystyrene
  • D Polypropylene
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — PET polyethylene terephthalate
Explanation: PET or polyethylene terephthalate is the plastic used to make water bottles and food packaging and is identified by the recycling code 1 on containers.
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138
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Which element has the highest electronegativity?

  • A Oxygen
  • B Chlorine
  • C Fluorine
  • D Nitrogen
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine has the highest electronegativity value of 3.98 on the Pauling scale. Its small atomic size and strong attraction for electrons make it the most electronegative element in the periodic table.
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139
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the pH of pure water at 25 degrees Celsius?

  • A 5
  • B 9
  • C 7
  • D 14
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — 7
Explanation: Pure water has a pH of exactly 7 at 25 degrees Celsius making it neutral as it contains equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
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140
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Which gas turns limewater milky when bubbled through it?

  • A Oxygen
  • B Carbon dioxide
  • C Hydrogen
  • D Sulfur dioxide
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky when bubbled through it as it reacts with calcium hydroxide to produce insoluble calcium carbonate as a white precipitate.
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