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Chemistry MCQs

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which subatomic particle has no charge?

A Proton
B Electron
C Neutron
D Positron

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Correct Answer: Option C — Neutron

Explanation: Neutrons are electrically neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons. They contribute to atomic mass but do not affect the atom's charge or its chemical bonding behavior.

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Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is saponification in chemistry?

A Making soap by reacting fats with a strong alkali
B Conversion of oils to alcohol
C Adding hydrogen to unsaturated fats
D Making esters from acids and alcohols

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Correct Answer: Option A — Making soap by reacting fats with a strong alkali

Explanation: Saponification is the process of making soap by reacting fats or oils with a strong alkali such as sodium hydroxide producing glycerol and soap molecules.

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Medium css Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for a solution that resists changes in pH?

A Saturated solution
B Buffer solution
C Colloid
D Suspension

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Correct Answer: Option B — Buffer solution

Explanation: A buffer solution resists significant changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. Buffers are essential in biological systems, such as maintaining stable blood pH within a narrow, life-sustaining range.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is an alkaline earth metal?

A Potassium
B Sodium
C Calcium
D Aluminium

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Correct Answer: Option C — Calcium

Explanation: Calcium belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table, classified as alkaline earth metals. These elements have two valence electrons and are less reactive than alkali metals but still readily form +2 ions in compounds.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for common table salt?

A KCl
B CaCl2
C MgCl2
D NaCl

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Correct Answer: Option D — NaCl

Explanation: Common table salt has the chemical formula NaCl or sodium chloride formed from the ionic bond between positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of the compound with formula Na2SO4?

A Sodium sulfite
B Sodium sulfate
C Sodium sulfide
D Sodium bisulfate

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Correct Answer: Option B — Sodium sulfate

Explanation: Na2SO4 is sodium sulfate also known as Glauber's salt and is used in the manufacture of detergents glass paper pulp and as a drying agent in organic chemistry.

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Medium fpsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which type of chemical formula shows the actual number of atoms in a molecule?

A Molecular formula
B Structural formula
C General formula
D Empirical formula

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Correct Answer: Option A — Molecular formula

Explanation: A molecular formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element present in a single molecule of a compound. Unlike the empirical formula, it does not simplify the ratio to the smallest whole numbers.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ethanol the type of alcohol found in beverages?

A C2H5OH
B CH3OH
C C3H7OH
D C4H9OH

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Correct Answer: Option A — C2H5OH

Explanation: Ethanol has the chemical formula C2H5OH and is the type of alcohol produced by fermentation of sugars by yeast and is found in alcoholic beverages and used as a solvent.

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Hard ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which of the following is used as a catalyst in the Haber process?

A Platinum
B Iron
C Nickel
D Copper

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Correct Answer: Option B — Iron

Explanation: Iron acts as a catalyst in the Haber process, which combines nitrogen and hydrogen gases to produce ammonia. This industrial process is crucial for manufacturing fertilizers that support global agricultural production.

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Medium fpsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A Acetic acid
B Hydrochloric acid
C Carbonic acid
D Citric acid

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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrochloric acid

Explanation: Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water to release hydrogen ions. It is found naturally in gastric juice and is widely used in industrial processes and laboratory settings for its high reactivity.

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Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for ethanoic acid commonly found in vinegar?

A CH3COOH
B HCOOH
C CH3CH2COOH
D C3H7COOH

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Correct Answer: Option A — CH3COOH

Explanation: Ethanoic acid has the formula CH3COOH and is the simplest carboxylic acid after methanoic acid found in vinegar at 4-8 percent concentration giving it its sour taste.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for washing soda used in cleaning?

A NaHCO3
B NaCl
C Na2CO3
D NaOH

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Correct Answer: Option C — Na2CO3

Explanation: Washing soda is sodium carbonate Na2CO3 a water softener and cleaning agent used to remove grease and stains and is also used in glass making and paper production.

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Medium pms Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which element is known as the 'King of Chemicals'?

A Hydrochloric acid
B Acetic acid
C Nitric acid
D Sulfuric acid

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Correct Answer: Option D — Sulfuric acid

Explanation: Sulfuric acid is called the 'King of Chemicals' due to its widespread industrial use in fertilizer production, petroleum refining, and manufacturing. Its global production volume reflects its importance in the chemical industry.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the valency of carbon that makes it the basis of organic chemistry?

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Correct Answer: Option C — 4

Explanation: Carbon has a valency of 4 meaning it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms allowing it to create an enormous variety of organic compounds through chains and rings.

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Medium fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs?

A Ionic bond
B Covalent bond
C Metallic bond
D Hydrogen bond

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Correct Answer: Option B — Covalent bond

Explanation: A covalent bond forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to achieve stable electron configurations. This bond type is common between nonmetal atoms, as seen in molecules like water and methane.

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Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the general formula of alkanes where n is the number of carbon atoms?

A CnH2n
B CnH2n+2
C CnHn
D CnH2n-2

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Correct Answer: Option B — CnH2n+2

Explanation: Alkanes follow the general formula CnH2n plus 2 where each carbon forms four single bonds and the molecule is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.

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Hard fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the standard unit of pressure in chemistry?

A Pascal
B Newton
C Joule
D Watt

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Correct Answer: Option A — Pascal

Explanation: The Pascal is the standard SI unit of pressure used in chemistry, defined as one newton per square meter. Pressure measurements are essential in understanding gas laws and reactions that occur under varying pressure conditions.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the atomic number of an element determined by?

A Number of neutrons
B Number of protons
C Number of electrons
D Atomic mass

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Correct Answer: Option B — Number of protons

Explanation: The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons present in its nucleus. This number uniquely identifies each element and determines its position in the periodic table and chemical behavior.

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Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which element is liquid at room temperature and is the only non-metal element in this state?

A Mercury
B Bromine
C Gallium
D Caesium

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Correct Answer: Option B — Bromine

Explanation: Bromine is the only non-metal element that exists as a liquid at room temperature appearing as a reddish-brown volatile liquid with a pungent irritating smell.

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Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is an example of a covalent compound?

A Calcium oxide
B Magnesium chloride
C Sodium chloride
D Water

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Correct Answer: Option D — Water

Explanation: Water is an example of a covalent compound because its hydrogen and oxygen atoms share electrons rather than transferring them completely. This molecular structure gives water its unique properties such as high surface tension.

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