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Chemistry MCQs

235 Questions Subject Test
Subject Preparation Guide

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Practice the essential concepts of matter, atomic structure, chemical reactions, bonding and everyday applications of chemistry.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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Which law states that gases combine in simple whole number ratios by volume at the same temperature and pressure?

  • A Gay-Lussac's Law
  • B Boyle's Law
  • C Charles's Law
  • D Avogadro's Law
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Gay-Lussac's Law
Explanation: Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes states that gases react in simple whole number ratios by volume at constant temperature and pressure providing evidence for atomic theory.
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62
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Which of these is a strong base?

  • A Sodium hydroxide
  • B Ammonia
  • C Acetic acid
  • D Carbonic acid
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Correct Answer: Option A — Sodium hydroxide
Explanation: Sodium hydroxide is a strong base that fully dissociates in water to release hydroxide ions. It is widely used in soap making, paper production, and various industrial cleaning applications due to its high reactivity.
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63
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Which element is used in making transistors and computer chips?

  • A Gold
  • B Germanium
  • C Silicon
  • D Silver
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Correct Answer: Option C — Silicon
Explanation: Silicon is the primary material used in manufacturing transistors and computer chips due to its semiconductor properties. Its abundance and ability to be doped with other elements make it ideal for electronic applications.
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64
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction in organic chemistry involves replacing a hydrogen atom with another atom or group?

  • A Elimination
  • B Substitution
  • C Addition
  • D Hydrolysis
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Correct Answer: Option B — Substitution
Explanation: Substitution reactions replace one atom or group in a molecule with another as seen when chlorine substitutes hydrogen in methane under UV light producing chloromethane.
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65
Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which element is the lightest metal on the periodic table?

  • A Potassium
  • B Magnesium
  • C Sodium
  • D Lithium
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Correct Answer: Option D — Lithium
Explanation: Lithium is the lightest metal known, with a very low density that allows it to float on water. It is widely used in rechargeable batteries for electronic devices and electric vehicles due to its high energy density.
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66
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is present in the human stomach to aid digestion?

  • A Sulfuric acid
  • B Nitric acid
  • C Acetic acid
  • D Hydrochloric acid
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Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrochloric acid
Explanation: Hydrochloric acid HCl is secreted by the stomach lining to aid protein digestion by activating pepsin and also kills most bacteria ingested with food.
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67
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the process of converting a gas into a liquid called?

  • A Sublimation
  • B Vaporization
  • C Fusion
  • D Condensation
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Condensation
Explanation: Condensation is the process by which a gas changes into a liquid, typically due to cooling or increased pressure. This is commonly observed when water vapor forms droplets on a cold surface.
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68
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the term for substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances?

  • A Compounds
  • B Mixtures
  • C Elements
  • D Solutions
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Correct Answer: Option C — Elements
Explanation: Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, as they consist of only one type of atom. There are 118 known elements listed in the periodic table.
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69
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for laughing gas used as a mild anaesthetic in dentistry?

  • A NO
  • B N2O
  • C NO2
  • D N2O4
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Correct Answer: Option B — N2O
Explanation: Nitrous oxide N2O commonly known as laughing gas is used as a mild anaesthetic and analgesic in dentistry and medicine and produces euphoric effects when inhaled.
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70
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of chemical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound?

  • A Molecular formula
  • B Structural formula
  • C Displayed formula
  • D Empirical formula
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Correct Answer: Option D — Empirical formula
Explanation: An empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of each type of atom in a compound for example glucose C6H12O6 has the empirical formula CH2O.
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71
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What is the term for the minimum energy needed to start a chemical reaction?

  • A Ionization energy
  • B Lattice energy
  • C Bond energy
  • D Activation energy
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Correct Answer: Option D — Activation energy
Explanation: Activation energy represents the minimum energy barrier that reactant molecules must overcome to transform into products during a chemical reaction. Catalysts function by lowering this energy requirement to speed up reactions.
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72
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Which particle determines the chemical properties of an element?

  • A Neutron
  • B Electron
  • C Proton
  • D Nucleus
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Correct Answer: Option B — Electron
Explanation: Electrons especially the valence electrons in the outermost shell determine the chemical properties of an element including its reactivity bonding behaviour and the compounds it forms.
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73
Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

  • A Iron
  • B Sodium
  • C Magnesium
  • D Calcium
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Correct Answer: Option A — Iron
Explanation: Iron is classified as a transition metal, located in the d-block of the periodic table. Transition metals are known for forming colored compounds, having variable oxidation states, and acting as effective catalysts in reactions.
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74
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Which process involves passing an electric current through a solution to cause a chemical reaction?

  • A Electrolysis
  • B Distillation
  • C Chromatography
  • D Filtration
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Correct Answer: Option A — Electrolysis
Explanation: Electrolysis passes an electric current through an electrolyte solution or molten ionic compound causing chemical reactions at the electrodes and is used to extract metals and plate surfaces.
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75
Easy fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which particle is found in the nucleus of an atom along with the neutron?

  • A Electron
  • B Photon
  • C Proton
  • D Ion
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Correct Answer: Option C — Proton
Explanation: Protons reside in the nucleus of an atom alongside neutrons, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. The number of protons determines the atomic number and identity of an element on the periodic table.
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76
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the process of converting a solid directly to a gas called?

  • A Evaporation
  • B Condensation
  • C Sublimation
  • D Deposition
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Sublimation
Explanation: Sublimation is the phase transition where a substance changes directly from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state. Dry ice and iodine crystals are common examples of substances that sublime at normal pressure.
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77
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Which organic functional group is present in carboxylic acids?

  • A Hydroxyl group
  • B Carboxyl group COOH
  • C Carbonyl group
  • D Amino group
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Carboxyl group COOH
Explanation: The carboxyl group COOH is the functional group present in all carboxylic acids and is responsible for their acidic properties as it can donate a proton to a base.
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78
Easy fpsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the valency of carbon?

  • A 5
  • B 2
  • C 3
  • D 4
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — 4
Explanation: Carbon has a valency of 4, meaning it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms. This tetravalency allows carbon to create diverse and complex molecular structures, forming the basis of organic chemistry.
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79
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Which gas is used in fire extinguishers to smother flames by displacing oxygen?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Nitrogen
  • C Oxygen
  • D Water vapour
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is used in fire extinguishers because it displaces oxygen around flames extinguishing the fire without leaving corrosive residue making it ideal for electrical fires.
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80
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Which of these is an example of a physical change?

  • A Burning wood
  • B Rusting iron
  • C Baking a cake
  • D Melting ice
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Melting ice
Explanation: Melting ice is a physical change because the water molecules remain chemically the same; only the state changes from solid to liquid. Burning, rusting, and baking all involve chemical reactions that form new substances.
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