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Chemistry MCQs

235 Questions Subject Test
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Practice the essential concepts of matter, atomic structure, chemical reactions, bonding and everyday applications of chemistry.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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221
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Which element is known for forming the largest number of compounds?

  • A Hydrogen
  • B Oxygen
  • C Carbon
  • D Nitrogen
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Correct Answer: Option C — Carbon
Explanation: Carbon forms the largest number of compounds among all elements due to its ability to bond with itself and other elements in chains, rings, and branched structures, forming the foundation of organic chemistry.
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222
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What is formed when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid?

  • A Ester and water
  • B Salt and water
  • C Soap
  • D Alkene and water
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Correct Answer: Option A — Ester and water
Explanation: When an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid an esterification reaction occurs producing an ester and water and this reaction requires an acid catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid.
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223
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Which of the following is a property of metals?

  • A Low melting points
  • B Poor conductors of heat
  • C Brittle
  • D Malleable and ductile
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Correct Answer: Option D — Malleable and ductile
Explanation: Metals are generally malleable and ductile, meaning they can be hammered into sheets or drawn into wires without breaking. This property arises from the delocalized electron sea structure that allows metal atoms to slide past each other.
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224
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What is the chemical formula for methane, the main component of natural gas?

  • A C2H6
  • B CH4
  • C C3H8
  • D C2H4
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Correct Answer: Option B — CH4
Explanation: Methane has the chemical formula CH4 consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms and is the simplest alkane and the primary component of natural gas.
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225
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What is the valency of Oxygen?

  • A 1
  • B 3
  • C 2
  • D 4
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Correct Answer: Option C — 2
Explanation: Oxygen typically has a valency of 2, meaning it forms two bonds to complete its outer electron shell of eight electrons. This is why oxygen commonly forms compounds like water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
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226
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What is the name given to positively charged ions?

  • A Anions
  • B Cations
  • C Isotopes
  • D Isomers
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Correct Answer: Option B — Cations
Explanation: Cations are positively charged ions formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. They are attracted to the cathode, or negative electrode, during electrolysis and commonly include metal ions such as sodium and calcium.
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227
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What is the chemical formula for bleaching powder used in water purification?

  • A Ca(OH)2
  • B CaCO3
  • C Ca(OCl)Cl
  • D CaCl2
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Ca(OCl)Cl
Explanation: Bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite chloride Ca(OCl)Cl made by passing chlorine gas over slaked lime and used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent.
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228
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Which of the following is an example of an organic compound?

  • A Sodium chloride
  • B Glucose
  • C Water
  • D Carbon dioxide
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Correct Answer: Option B — Glucose
Explanation: Glucose is an organic compound because it contains carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen and oxygen in a specific structural arrangement. Organic chemistry primarily studies carbon-based compounds found in living organisms and their derivatives.
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229
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What is the density of pure water at 4°C?

  • A 2.0 g/cm3
  • B 0.5 g/cm3
  • C 1.0 g/cm3
  • D 1.5 g/cm3
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — 1.0 g/cm3
Explanation: Pure water reaches its maximum density of 1.0 g/cm3 at 4°C, which is used as the reference standard for specific gravity measurements. This unique property causes ice to float since it is less dense than liquid water.
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230
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which element is the most abundant in the universe?

  • A Hydrogen
  • B Helium
  • C Carbon
  • D Oxygen
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Correct Answer: Option A — Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe making up approximately 75 percent of all normal matter by mass and is the primary fuel for nuclear fusion in stars.
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231
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Which process converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide using yeast?

  • A Distillation
  • B Hydrogenation
  • C Saponification
  • D Fermentation
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Correct Answer: Option D — Fermentation
Explanation: Fermentation is the anaerobic process by which yeast converts sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide producing alcoholic beverages and is also used in bread making.
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232
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Which law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed?

  • A Law of Conservation of Mass
  • B Law of Multiple Proportions
  • C Avogadro's Law
  • D Law of Definite Proportions
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Law of Conservation of Mass
Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Mass, formulated by Antoine Lavoisier, states that mass remains constant in a closed system during a chemical reaction. This principle underlies all stoichiometric calculations in chemistry.
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233
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What is the chemical name for baking soda commonly used in cooking?

  • A Sodium hydroxide
  • B Sodium carbonate
  • C Sodium chloride
  • D Sodium bicarbonate
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Correct Answer: Option D — Sodium bicarbonate
Explanation: Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 which releases carbon dioxide gas when heated or mixed with acid causing baked goods to rise during cooking.
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234
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What is the term for a substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed?

  • A Reactant
  • B Solvent
  • C Product
  • D Catalyst
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Correct Answer: Option D — Catalyst
Explanation: A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required, without being permanently altered or consumed in the process. Catalysts are widely used in industrial and biological reactions.
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235
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What is the chemical formula for glucose?

  • A C6H12O6
  • B C12H22O11
  • C C6H6O6
  • D C6H10O5
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — C6H12O6
Explanation: Glucose has the chemical formula C6H12O6, making it a simple sugar and vital energy source for living organisms. It is produced during photosynthesis and broken down in cellular respiration to release energy.
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