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Biology MCQs

210 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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41
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the gradual process of change in the species composition of an ecosystem over time?

  • A Evolution
  • B Adaptation
  • C Migration
  • D Ecological succession
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Ecological succession
Explanation: Ecological succession is the gradual and predictable process of change in species composition and community structure in an ecosystem over time toward a stable climax community.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
42
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for organisms that cannot make their own food and must consume other organisms?

  • A Autotrophs
  • B Heterotrophs
  • C Producers
  • D Chemotrophs
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Heterotrophs
Explanation: Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot synthesise their own food and must obtain energy and organic nutrients by consuming other organisms and include animals fungi and most bacteria.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
43
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color in humans?

  • A Hemoglobin
  • B Chlorophyll
  • C Keratin
  • D Melanin
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Correct Answer: Option D — Melanin
Explanation: Melanin is a pigment produced by specialized skin cells called melanocytes. It determines the color of skin, hair, and eyes, and also provides some protection against harmful ultraviolet radiation from sunlight exposure.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
44
Easy pms Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

The human heart has how many chambers?

  • A Four
  • B Two
  • C Three
  • D Five
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Four
Explanation: The human heart contains four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. This structure allows separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, enabling efficient double circulation between the lungs and the rest of the body.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
45
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the sequence of feeding relationships in an ecosystem?

  • A Pyramid of numbers
  • B Ecological niche
  • C Trophic level
  • D Food chain
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Food chain
Explanation: A food chain is a linear sequence showing how energy and nutrients are transferred from one organism to another through feeding relationships starting from producers.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
46
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which structure allows gas exchange in plant leaves?

  • A Xylem
  • B Phloem
  • C Cuticle
  • D Stomata
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Stomata
Explanation: Stomata are tiny pores primarily located on the underside of leaves that regulate gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide to enter for photosynthesis and oxygen and water vapor to exit through controlled opening and closing.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
47
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells?

  • A Meiosis
  • B Binary fission
  • C Mitosis
  • D Budding
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Correct Answer: Option C — Mitosis
Explanation: Mitosis is the type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell and is responsible for growth tissue repair and asexual reproduction.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
48
Medium pms Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which hormone regulates the body's metabolic rate?

  • A Insulin
  • B Thyroxine
  • C Adrenaline
  • D Estrogen
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Thyroxine
Explanation: Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, regulates metabolism by controlling how quickly cells use energy and produce heat. Imbalances in thyroxine levels can cause conditions such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, affecting overall body function.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
49
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

  • A Act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions
  • B Store genetic information
  • C Provide energy for reactions
  • D Transport oxygen in blood
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions
Explanation: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering activation energy without being consumed or permanently altered in the process.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
50
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of immunity is present from birth and provides a non-specific first line of defence?

  • A Acquired immunity
  • B Active immunity
  • C Passive immunity
  • D Innate immunity
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Innate immunity
Explanation: Innate immunity is the non-specific immune response present from birth providing the first line of defence through physical barriers inflammation and phagocytes against all pathogens.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
51
Medium pms Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the process of shedding an outer layer of skin, exoskeleton, or other covering?

  • A Metamorphosis
  • B Regeneration
  • C Hibernation
  • D Molting
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Molting
Explanation: Molting is the periodic shedding of an outer covering such as skin, feathers, fur, or an exoskeleton, allowing organisms like insects, reptiles, and birds to grow, replace damaged structures, or adapt to seasonal changes.
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52
Easy css Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for an organism's habitat and role within an ecosystem?

  • A Habitat
  • B Niche
  • C Population
  • D Biome
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Niche
Explanation: An ecological niche describes the specific role an organism plays in its environment, including resource use, interactions with other species, and habitat requirements. No two species can occupy the exact same niche indefinitely.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
53
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which molecule is the primary energy currency of cells?

  • A ATP
  • B ADP
  • C NAD
  • D NADP
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Correct Answer: Option A — ATP
Explanation: ATP or adenosine triphosphate is the primary energy currency of cells storing and providing energy for all cellular processes including metabolism movement and biosynthesis.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
54
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which organ in the human body is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

  • A Heart
  • B Lungs
  • C Liver
  • D Kidney
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Correct Answer: Option A — Heart
Explanation: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
55
Easy nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the outer covering that protects plant cells and provides rigidity?

  • A Cell membrane
  • B Cytoplasm
  • C Cell wall
  • D Nucleus
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Correct Answer: Option C — Cell wall
Explanation: The cell wall, composed mainly of cellulose, surrounds plant cells and provides structural support, protection, and rigidity. Unlike the flexible cell membrane, the wall maintains the plant's overall shape and prevents excessive water uptake.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
56
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which part of the eye is the coloured ring that controls pupil size regulating light entry?

  • A Cornea
  • B Retina
  • C Iris
  • D Lens
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Iris
Explanation: The iris is the coloured muscular ring of the eye that controls the size of the pupil through the action of dilator and constrictor muscles regulating the amount of light entering the eye.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
57
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the process by which plants lose water vapour through their leaves?

  • A Photosynthesis
  • B Osmosis
  • C Transpiration
  • D Respiration
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapour through stomata in their leaves creating a suction force that draws water and minerals up from the roots.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
58
Hard nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which blood vessel type has the thinnest walls, allowing exchange of substances with tissues?

  • A Capillaries
  • B Arteries
  • C Veins
  • D Venules
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Capillaries
Explanation: Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels with extremely thin, single-cell-layer walls that permit efficient exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between blood and surrounding body tissues at the cellular level.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
59
Easy fpsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which human chromosome pair determines biological sex?

  • A 1st pair
  • B 23rd pair
  • C 10th pair
  • D 22nd pair
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — 23rd pair
Explanation: Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, and the 23rd pair determines biological sex. Females typically have two X chromosomes while males have one X and one Y chromosome, inherited from their respective parents.
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60
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which scientist developed the modern system of classification for organisms?

  • A Carl Linnaeus
  • B Charles Darwin
  • C Gregor Mendel
  • D Louis Pasteur
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Carl Linnaeus
Explanation: Carl Linnaeus developed the modern system of biological classification and binomial nomenclature in the 18th century providing a universal system for naming and organising living organisms.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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