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Chemistry MCQs

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for laughing gas used as a mild anaesthetic in dentistry?

A NO
B N2O
C NO2
D N2O4

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Correct Answer: Option B — N2O

Explanation: Nitrous oxide N2O commonly known as laughing gas is used as a mild anaesthetic and analgesic in dentistry and medicine and produces euphoric effects when inhaled.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which particle determines the chemical properties of an element?

A Neutron
B Electron
C Proton
D Nucleus

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Correct Answer: Option B — Electron

Explanation: Electrons especially the valence electrons in the outermost shell determine the chemical properties of an element including its reactivity bonding behaviour and the compounds it forms.

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Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

A Iron
B Sodium
C Magnesium
D Calcium

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Correct Answer: Option A — Iron

Explanation: Iron is classified as a transition metal, located in the d-block of the periodic table. Transition metals are known for forming colored compounds, having variable oxidation states, and acting as effective catalysts in reactions.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which gas is used in fire extinguishers to smother flames by displacing oxygen?

A Carbon dioxide
B Nitrogen
C Oxygen
D Water vapour

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Correct Answer: Option A — Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is used in fire extinguishers because it displaces oxygen around flames extinguishing the fire without leaving corrosive residue making it ideal for electrical fires.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which subatomic particle has no charge?

A Proton
B Electron
C Neutron
D Positron

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Correct Answer: Option C — Neutron

Explanation: Neutrons are electrically neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons. They contribute to atomic mass but do not affect the atom's charge or its chemical bonding behavior.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is an alkaline earth metal?

A Potassium
B Sodium
C Calcium
D Aluminium

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Correct Answer: Option C — Calcium

Explanation: Calcium belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table, classified as alkaline earth metals. These elements have two valence electrons and are less reactive than alkali metals but still readily form +2 ions in compounds.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for common table salt?

A KCl
B CaCl2
C MgCl2
D NaCl

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Correct Answer: Option D — NaCl

Explanation: Common table salt has the chemical formula NaCl or sodium chloride formed from the ionic bond between positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of the compound with formula Na2SO4?

A Sodium sulfite
B Sodium sulfate
C Sodium sulfide
D Sodium bisulfate

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Correct Answer: Option B — Sodium sulfate

Explanation: Na2SO4 is sodium sulfate also known as Glauber's salt and is used in the manufacture of detergents glass paper pulp and as a drying agent in organic chemistry.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ethanol the type of alcohol found in beverages?

A C2H5OH
B CH3OH
C C3H7OH
D C4H9OH

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Correct Answer: Option A — C2H5OH

Explanation: Ethanol has the chemical formula C2H5OH and is the type of alcohol produced by fermentation of sugars by yeast and is found in alcoholic beverages and used as a solvent.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for washing soda used in cleaning?

A NaHCO3
B NaCl
C Na2CO3
D NaOH

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Correct Answer: Option C — Na2CO3

Explanation: Washing soda is sodium carbonate Na2CO3 a water softener and cleaning agent used to remove grease and stains and is also used in glass making and paper production.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the valency of carbon that makes it the basis of organic chemistry?

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Correct Answer: Option C — 4

Explanation: Carbon has a valency of 4 meaning it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms allowing it to create an enormous variety of organic compounds through chains and rings.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the atomic number of an element determined by?

A Number of neutrons
B Number of protons
C Number of electrons
D Atomic mass

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Correct Answer: Option B — Number of protons

Explanation: The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons present in its nucleus. This number uniquely identifies each element and determines its position in the periodic table and chemical behavior.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction occurs when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution?

A Decomposition
B Neutralisation
C Combustion
D Displacement

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Correct Answer: Option D — Displacement

Explanation: Displacement reactions occur when a more reactive metal replaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution as seen when iron displaces copper from copper sulfate solution.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?

A Law of Definite Proportions
B Law of Multiple Proportions
C Law of Conservation of Mass
D Law of Combining Volumes

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Correct Answer: Option C — Law of Conservation of Mass

Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Mass proposed by Lavoisier states that the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in any chemical reaction.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose using sunlight?

A Respiration
B Transpiration
C Photosynthesis
D Decomposition

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Correct Answer: Option C — Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the chloroplasts of plant cells following the equation 6CO2 plus 6H2O giving C6H12O6 plus 6O2.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is used in car batteries as the electrolyte?

A Sulfuric acid
B Hydrochloric acid
C Nitric acid
D Acetic acid

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Correct Answer: Option A — Sulfuric acid

Explanation: Sulfuric acid H2SO4 is used as the electrolyte in lead-acid car batteries where it facilitates the electrochemical reactions between lead electrodes to store and release electrical energy.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which process separates a mixture of liquids based on their different boiling points?

A Distillation
B Filtration
C Crystallisation
D Chromatography

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Correct Answer: Option A — Distillation

Explanation: Distillation separates mixtures of liquids with different boiling points by heating the mixture and selectively condensing and collecting vapours of the lower boiling point component.

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Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the common name for sodium hydroxide?

A Lime
B Baking soda
C Caustic soda
D Washing soda

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Correct Answer: Option C — Caustic soda

Explanation: Sodium hydroxide is commonly known as caustic soda, a strong base widely used in soap making, paper production, and industrial cleaning. It is highly corrosive and must be handled with appropriate safety precautions.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical symbol for water?

A H2
B HO2
C H3O
D H2O

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Correct Answer: Option D — H2O

Explanation: Water has the chemical formula H2O consisting of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom through covalent bonds forming a polar molecule.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for sucrose the common table sugar?

A C6H12O6
B C12H10O11
C C12H22O11
D C6H10O5

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Correct Answer: Option C — C12H22O11

Explanation: Sucrose the common table sugar has the formula C12H22O11 and is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose joined by a glycosidic bond formed during a condensation reaction.

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