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Chemistry MCQs

110 Questions Subject Test
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Practice the essential concepts of matter, atomic structure, chemical reactions, bonding and everyday applications of chemistry.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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21
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for rust formed on iron?

  • A Fe2O
  • B Fe3O4
  • C FeO
  • D Fe2O3
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Correct Answer: Option B — Fe3O4
Explanation: Rust is hydrated iron oxide with the formula Fe2O3 nH2O formed when iron reacts with oxygen and moisture through an electrochemical oxidation process.
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22
Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the common name for calcium oxide?

  • A Quicklime
  • B Limestone
  • C Gypsum
  • D Slaked lime
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Correct Answer: Option A — Quicklime
Explanation: Calcium oxide is commonly known as quicklime, produced by heating limestone at high temperatures. It reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime and is widely used in construction, agriculture, and water treatment.
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23
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which indicator changes through a full colour range across the pH scale?

  • A Universal indicator
  • B Litmus
  • C Phenolphthalein
  • D Methyl orange
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Universal indicator
Explanation: Universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators that changes colour across the full pH range from red in strong acids through green at neutral to purple in strong alkalis.
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24
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction absorbs energy from the surroundings causing the temperature to fall?

  • A Endothermic
  • B Exothermic
  • C Displacement
  • D Combustion
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Endothermic
Explanation: Endothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings causing a temperature decrease as more energy is required to break bonds in reactants than is released forming products.
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25
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the lightest element in the periodic table?

  • A Helium
  • B Hydrogen
  • C Lithium
  • D Beryllium
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen is the lightest and simplest element in the periodic table with atomic number 1 consisting of one proton and one electron in its most common form.
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26
Easy nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which particle has a negative charge?

  • A Proton
  • B Electron
  • C Neutron
  • D Positron
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Electron
Explanation: Electrons carry a negative charge and orbit the nucleus of an atom. Protons are positively charged while neutrons carry no charge. Electrons determine an atom's chemical bonding behavior and reactivity.
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27
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the IUPAC name for the simplest hydrocarbon with formula CH4?

  • A Ethane
  • B Butane
  • C Propane
  • D Methane
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Methane
Explanation: Methane CH4 is the simplest hydrocarbon and the first member of the alkane series where carbon atoms form single bonds and the molecule is saturated.
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28
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of NaOH?

  • A Sodium chloride
  • B Sodium carbonate
  • C Sodium bicarbonate
  • D Sodium hydroxide
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Sodium hydroxide
Explanation: NaOH is sodium hydroxide also known as caustic soda a strong base used in soap making paper production and as a drain cleaner due to its highly alkaline properties.
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29
Easy nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base?

  • A Neutralization
  • B Oxidation
  • C Combustion
  • D Decomposition
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Neutralization
Explanation: A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water. This reaction typically results in a solution with a pH closer to neutral, depending on the strength of the reactants.
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30
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of bond involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

  • A Covalent bond
  • B Ionic bond
  • C Metallic bond
  • D Hydrogen bond
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Ionic bond
Explanation: An ionic bond involves the complete transfer of one or more electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other electrostatically.
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31
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical symbol for lead?

  • A Pb
  • B Ld
  • C Le
  • D Li
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Pb
Explanation: The chemical symbol for lead is Pb derived from the Latin word Plumbum and lead is a dense heavy metal with atomic number 82 used in batteries and radiation shielding.
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32
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of these is a noble gas?

  • A Argon
  • B Bromine
  • C Sulfur
  • D Chlorine
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Argon
Explanation: Argon belongs to Group 18 of the periodic table known as noble gases. These elements have complete outer electron shells, making them chemically inert and unreactive under normal conditions.
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33
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ozone, the molecule that forms the protective layer in the stratosphere?

  • A O
  • B O2
  • C O3
  • D O4
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — O3
Explanation: Ozone has the chemical formula O3 consisting of three oxygen atoms and forms the stratospheric ozone layer that absorbs harmful UV radiation protecting life on Earth.
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34
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-OH the simplest alcohol found in beverages?

  • A Methanol
  • B Propanol
  • C Butanol
  • D Ethanol
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Ethanol
Explanation: Ethanol also written as C2H5OH is the simplest alcohol produced by fermentation of sugars and is found in alcoholic beverages used as a solvent and as a biofuel.
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35
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which test is used to detect the presence of starch using iodine solution?

  • A Benedict's test
  • B Biuret test
  • C Iodine test
  • D Flame test
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Iodine test
Explanation: The iodine test detects starch by turning iodine solution from yellow-brown to blue-black in the presence of starch due to the triiodide ion fitting within the starch helix.
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36
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the chemical name for vinegar's active ingredient?

  • A Formic acid
  • B Citric acid
  • C Ethanol
  • D Acetic acid
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Correct Answer: Option D — Acetic acid
Explanation: The active ingredient in vinegar is acetic acid, a weak organic acid produced through the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria. It gives vinegar its distinctive sour taste and preservative properties.
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37
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which element is a liquid at room temperature and is used in thermometers?

  • A Bromine
  • B Gallium
  • C Mercury
  • D Caesium
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is a metal that remains liquid at room temperature with a melting point of minus 38.8 degrees Celsius and has been traditionally used in thermometers and barometers.
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38
Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which element is the lightest metal on the periodic table?

  • A Potassium
  • B Magnesium
  • C Sodium
  • D Lithium
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Lithium
Explanation: Lithium is the lightest metal known, with a very low density that allows it to float on water. It is widely used in rechargeable batteries for electronic devices and electric vehicles due to its high energy density.
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39
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is present in the human stomach to aid digestion?

  • A Sulfuric acid
  • B Nitric acid
  • C Acetic acid
  • D Hydrochloric acid
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrochloric acid
Explanation: Hydrochloric acid HCl is secreted by the stomach lining to aid protein digestion by activating pepsin and also kills most bacteria ingested with food.
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40
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the term for substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances?

  • A Compounds
  • B Mixtures
  • C Elements
  • D Solutions
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Elements
Explanation: Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, as they consist of only one type of atom. There are 118 known elements listed in the periodic table.
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