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Chemistry MCQs

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What is the chemical formula for chloroform a once common anaesthetic?

  • A CH2Cl2
  • B CCl4
  • C CHCl2
  • D CHCl3
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Correct Answer: Option D — CHCl3
Explanation: Chloroform has the chemical formula CHCl3 and was historically used as an anaesthetic and is now used as a solvent in chemical synthesis and laboratory work.
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62
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Which of these elements is a halogen?

  • A Neon
  • B Chlorine
  • C Sodium
  • D Calcium
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Correct Answer: Option B — Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine belongs to the halogen group, group 17 of the periodic table. Halogens are highly reactive nonmetals that readily form salts with metals, and chlorine is widely used for water purification and disinfection.
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63
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which process hardens rubber by adding sulfur making it stronger and more elastic?

  • A Vulcanisation
  • B Saponification
  • C Hydrogenation
  • D Polymerisation
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Correct Answer: Option A — Vulcanisation
Explanation: Vulcanisation is the process of treating rubber with sulfur at high temperature creating cross-links between polymer chains making the rubber harder more durable and resistant to temperature changes.
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64
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What are the products of the electrolysis of brine sodium chloride solution?

  • A Sodium and water
  • B Hydrogen chlorine and sodium hydroxide
  • C Chlorine and sodium
  • D Sodium chloride and water
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen chlorine and sodium hydroxide
Explanation: Electrolysis of brine produces hydrogen gas at the cathode chlorine gas at the anode and sodium hydroxide solution remaining in the electrolyte through the chlor-alkali process.
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65
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What is formed when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid?

  • A Ester and water
  • B Salt and water
  • C Soap
  • D Alkene and water
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Correct Answer: Option A — Ester and water
Explanation: When an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid an esterification reaction occurs producing an ester and water and this reaction requires an acid catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid.
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66
Easy css Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the name given to positively charged ions?

  • A Anions
  • B Cations
  • C Isotopes
  • D Isomers
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Correct Answer: Option B — Cations
Explanation: Cations are positively charged ions formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. They are attracted to the cathode, or negative electrode, during electrolysis and commonly include metal ions such as sodium and calcium.
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67
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for bleaching powder used in water purification?

  • A Ca(OH)2
  • B CaCO3
  • C Ca(OCl)Cl
  • D CaCl2
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Correct Answer: Option C — Ca(OCl)Cl
Explanation: Bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite chloride Ca(OCl)Cl made by passing chlorine gas over slaked lime and used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent.
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68
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Which law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed?

  • A Law of Conservation of Mass
  • B Law of Multiple Proportions
  • C Avogadro's Law
  • D Law of Definite Proportions
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Correct Answer: Option A — Law of Conservation of Mass
Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Mass, formulated by Antoine Lavoisier, states that mass remains constant in a closed system during a chemical reaction. This principle underlies all stoichiometric calculations in chemistry.
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69
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What is the term for a substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed?

  • A Reactant
  • B Solvent
  • C Product
  • D Catalyst
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Correct Answer: Option D — Catalyst
Explanation: A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required, without being permanently altered or consumed in the process. Catalysts are widely used in industrial and biological reactions.
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