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Biology MCQs

124 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

Cell BiologyHuman PhysiologyGeneticsEcology
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101
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which part of the human brain is responsible for voluntary movement and higher cognitive functions?

  • A Cerebellum
  • B Medulla oblongata
  • C Cerebrum
  • D Hypothalamus
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Cerebrum
Explanation: The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain responsible for voluntary movement perception memory language reasoning and other higher cognitive functions.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
102
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which gland is known as the master gland of the endocrine system?

  • A Thyroid
  • B Adrenal
  • C Pancreas
  • D Pituitary
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Correct Answer: Option D — Pituitary
Explanation: The pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, regulates other endocrine glands by secreting hormones that control growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Its central regulatory role earns it the title of master gland.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
103
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What is the term for an interconnected network of food chains in an ecosystem?

  • A Pyramid of biomass
  • B Trophic level
  • C Food web
  • D Food chain
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Correct Answer: Option C — Food web
Explanation: A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem representing the multiple feeding relationships and energy pathways between organisms.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
104
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of cell division produces gametes with half the chromosome number?

  • A Budding
  • B Meiosis
  • C Mitosis
  • D Binary fission
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Meiosis
Explanation: Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces four genetically diverse gametes each containing half the chromosome number of the parent cell ensuring genetic diversity in sexual reproduction.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
105
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

  • A Crossing over
  • B Mutation
  • C Duplication
  • D Translocation
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Crossing over
Explanation: Crossing over occurs during meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material. This process increases genetic diversity among offspring, contributing to the variation necessary for evolution and adaptation within populations.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
106
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What term describes the specific molecule an enzyme acts upon?

  • A Substrate
  • B Product
  • C Cofactor
  • D Coenzyme
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Correct Answer: Option A — Substrate
Explanation: The substrate is the specific molecule upon which an enzyme acts binding at the active site to form an enzyme-substrate complex and being converted into products.
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107
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which white blood cells engulf and digest bacteria and foreign particles?

  • A Phagocytosis
  • B Endocytosis
  • C Osmosis
  • D Pinocytosis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Phagocytosis
Explanation: Phagocytosis is the process by which phagocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages engulf and digest bacteria foreign particles and dead cells protecting the body from infection.
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108
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances?

  • A Kidney
  • B Spleen
  • C Pancreas
  • D Liver
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Liver
Explanation: The liver plays a central role in detoxifying harmful substances, metabolizing drugs, and breaking down toxins from the bloodstream. It also produces bile for fat digestion and stores essential vitamins and glycogen reserves.
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109
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What is the process by which cells engulf large particles by wrapping the cell membrane around them?

  • A Phagocytosis
  • B Osmosis
  • C Diffusion
  • D Pinocytosis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Phagocytosis
Explanation: Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where the cell membrane wraps around large solid particles such as bacteria and engulfs them forming a phagosome inside the cell.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
110
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the largest organ in the human body?

  • A Skin
  • B Liver
  • C Lungs
  • D Heart
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Correct Answer: Option A — Skin
Explanation: The skin is the largest organ of the human body covering the entire external surface and functions as a protective barrier regulating temperature and enabling sensation.
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111
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the movement of water from a region of high water concentration to low concentration through a semipermeable membrane?

  • A Diffusion
  • B Osmosis
  • C Active transport
  • D Endocytosis
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Osmosis
Explanation: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high water potential to low water potential without requiring energy.
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112
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the broadest level of biological classification?

  • A Domain
  • B Order
  • C Family
  • D Kingdom
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Correct Answer: Option A — Domain
Explanation: Domain is the broadest level in the modern biological classification system above kingdom and includes three domains Bacteria Archaea and Eukarya.
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113
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels by promoting its uptake by cells?

  • A Glucagon
  • B Adrenaline
  • C Thyroxine
  • D Insulin
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Correct Answer: Option D — Insulin
Explanation: Insulin produced by the beta cells of the pancreas lowers blood glucose levels by promoting its uptake by body cells and stimulating its conversion to glycogen in the liver.
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114
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which process copies DNA information into mRNA in the nucleus?

  • A Translation
  • B Replication
  • C Transduction
  • D Transcription
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Correct Answer: Option D — Transcription
Explanation: Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into mRNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase taking place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
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115
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which organisms break down glucose to release energy?

  • A Digestion
  • B Photosynthesis
  • C Cellular respiration
  • D Transpiration
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Correct Answer: Option C — Cellular respiration
Explanation: Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP carbon dioxide and water releasing energy for cellular activities.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
116
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which stage of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

  • A Prophase
  • B Metaphase
  • C Anaphase
  • D Telophase
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Metaphase
Explanation: During metaphase, chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane, attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles. This precise alignment ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical and complete set of chromosomes during division.
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117
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which gas is released by plants as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Nitrogen
  • C Oxygen
  • D Water vapour
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis during the light-dependent reactions when water molecules are split through photolysis providing electrons to replace those lost by chlorophyll.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
118
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the deficiency disease caused by lack of Vitamin D in children?

  • A Scurvy
  • B Rickets
  • C Beriberi
  • D Pellagra
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Correct Answer: Option B — Rickets
Explanation: Rickets is caused by Vitamin D deficiency in children leading to impaired calcium and phosphorus absorption resulting in weak soft and deformed bones.
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119
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the term for the specialized cells that transmit electrical impulses in the nervous system?

  • A Muscle cells
  • B Epithelial cells
  • C Blood cells
  • D Neurons
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Neurons
Explanation: Neurons are specialized cells designed to transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system. They consist of a cell body, dendrites for receiving signals, and an axon for sending impulses to other cells.
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120
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the variety of different species present in a given habitat?

  • A Genetic diversity
  • B Species diversity
  • C Ecosystem diversity
  • D Biodiversity
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Species diversity
Explanation: Species diversity refers to the number and relative abundance of different species present in a given habitat and is an important measure of the biodiversity of an ecosystem.
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