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Islamic Studies MCQs

MCQs on Quran, Hadith, Islamic History and Fiqh

91 Questions
Subject Preparation Guide

Prepare Islamic Studies with confidence

Prepare important questions from the Quran, Hadith, Seerah, Islamic history, beliefs, worship and ethical teachings.

Quran and HadithSeerahIslamic HistoryBeliefs and Worship
Relevant to academic syllabi and Islamic Studies sections of competitive examinations.
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21
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The Islamic principle that no person shall bear the burden of another's sins is called?

  • A Tawbah
  • B Kaffarah
  • C Individual accountability (La taziru waziraton wizra okhra)
  • D Mizan
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Correct Answer: Option C — Individual accountability (La taziru waziraton wizra okhra)
Explanation: The Quran explicitly states in multiple verses including Surah Al-Anam (6:164) that no soul shall bear the burden of another. This principle of individual accountability is fundamental to Islamic theology and justice. Every person is responsible solely for their own deeds and will stand before Allah on the Day of Judgment to account for their own choices.
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22
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Which Islamic scholar wrote the monumental work Ihya Ulum al-Din?

  • A Ibn Rushd
  • B Ibn Taymiyyah
  • C Al-Ghazali
  • D Al-Mawardi
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Correct Answer: Option C — Al-Ghazali
Explanation: Imam Al-Ghazali's Ihya Ulum al-Din (Revival of the Religious Sciences) is a comprehensive guide to Islamic living covering worship social conduct and spiritual purification. Written in the 11th century it addresses how to integrate formal religious practice with inner spiritual development. It remains one of the most read and referenced works in Islamic literature globally.
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23
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The Islamic jurisprudential term Ijtihad refers to?

  • A Following established rulings
  • B Independent scholarly reasoning to derive new rulings
  • C Consensus of scholars
  • D Analogical deduction
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Correct Answer: Option B — Independent scholarly reasoning to derive new rulings
Explanation: Ijtihad refers to the independent exercise of scholarly reasoning to derive new religious rulings on matters not explicitly addressed in the Quran and Sunnah. A scholar qualified to perform Ijtihad is called a Mujtahid. Many classical scholars debated whether the gate of Ijtihad is still open with most contemporary scholars affirming that qualified scholars can and should continue practicing it.
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24
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The concept of Shura in Islamic governance means?

  • A Absolute monarchy
  • B Military rule
  • C Consultation and democratic deliberation
  • D Theocratic dictatorship
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Correct Answer: Option C — Consultation and democratic deliberation
Explanation: Shura refers to the Islamic principle of consultation and deliberation in decision-making. The Quran in Surah Al-Shura (42:38) praises believers who conduct their affairs through mutual consultation. The Prophet (PBUH) regularly consulted his companions on matters not explicitly addressed by revelation. It forms the basis of Islamic democratic thought and governance theory.
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25
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The Islamic term 'Fatwa' refers to?

  • A Islamic prayer
  • B A religious legal opinion
  • C Obligatory pilgrimage
  • D Religious tax
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Correct Answer: Option B — A religious legal opinion
Explanation: A Fatwa is a formal religious legal opinion or ruling issued by a qualified Islamic scholar (Mufti) on matters of Islamic law. Fatwas are issued on questions ranging from personal religious practice to complex social and political matters. They are not binding on all Muslims but carry significant religious authority especially from recognized scholarly institutions.
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26
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The famous Islamic traveler who visited 44 countries over 29 years was?

  • A Al-Masudi
  • B Al-Biruni
  • C Ibn Battuta
  • D Al-Idrisi
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Correct Answer: Option C — Ibn Battuta
Explanation: Ibn Battuta (1304-1368 AD) was a Moroccan Islamic scholar and traveler who journeyed approximately 75000 miles over 29 years visiting 44 countries across Africa Asia and Europe. His account of travels called the Rihla (Journey) is one of the most comprehensive travel documents of the medieval world and provides invaluable historical and cultural records.
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27
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Imam Bukhari compiled his famous Hadith collection Sahih Bukhari in how many years?

  • A 5 years
  • B 7 years
  • C 10 years
  • D 16 years
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Correct Answer: Option D — 16 years
Explanation: Imam Bukhari (810-870 AD) spent approximately 16 years compiling Sahih Al-Bukhari which is considered the most authentic book after the Quran in Sunni Islam. He examined around 600000 Hadith and included only 7397 (with repetitions) after rigorous authentication. He reportedly performed Ghusl and two rakats of prayer before recording each Hadith.
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28
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The Islamic obligation of Hijab is primarily based on which Quranic Surah?

  • A Surah Al-Baqarah
  • B Surah An-Nur and Surah Al-Ahzab
  • C Surah Al-Maidah
  • D Surah Al-Nisa
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Correct Answer: Option B — Surah An-Nur and Surah Al-Ahzab
Explanation: The obligation of Hijab for Muslim women is derived primarily from Surah An-Nur (24:31) which instructs women to guard their modesty and Surah Al-Ahzab (33:59) which instructs the Prophet to tell his wives and daughters and believing women to draw their outer garments around them. Scholars debate the precise extent required by these verses.
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29
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The Quran was memorized and written down during the lifetime of the Prophet (PBUH) by?

  • A Only one companion
  • B Several designated scribes
  • C The Prophet himself
  • D Oral tradition only without writing
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Correct Answer: Option B — Several designated scribes
Explanation: During the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) the Quran was both memorized by numerous companions (Huffaz) and written down by designated scribes called Katibin-e-Wahi. These included Zaid bin Thabit Ubay ibn Ka'b Ali ibn Abi Talib and others. Revelations were written on bones leather palm leaves and stones as they were received.
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30
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The right of women to inherit property was first established by?

  • A Roman Law
  • B Islamic Law
  • C British Common Law
  • D Greek Philosophy
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Correct Answer: Option B — Islamic Law
Explanation: Islamic law was among the first legal systems to grant women the right to inherit property established through Quranic verses revealed in 7th century Arabia. Surah An-Nisa (Chapter 4) contains detailed inheritance laws giving women half the share of male relatives. This was revolutionary in a society that had previously denied women all property rights.
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31
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Al-Khawarizmi is credited with inventing?

  • A Algebra
  • B Calculus
  • C Geometry
  • D Trigonometry
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Correct Answer: Option A — Algebra
Explanation: Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khawarizmi (780-850 AD) was an Islamic mathematician and scholar whose work Al-Kitab Al-Mukhtasar fi Hisab Al-Jabr wal-Muqabala (The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing) laid the foundations of algebra. The word algebra itself comes from Al-Jabr in his title and the word algorithm comes from his Latinized name.
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32
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The Islamic scholarly consensus places the total number of Prophets sent by Allah at?

  • A 25
  • B 124000
  • C 313
  • D 1000
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Correct Answer: Option B — 124000
Explanation: According to Islamic tradition approximately 124000 prophets were sent by Allah throughout human history though only 25 are named in the Quran. Among these 25 five are given the title Ulul Azm (Prophets of Strong Will): Muhammad Ibrahim Musa Isa and Nuh (Peace be upon them all) due to their exceptional patience and trials.
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33
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The term 'Ijaz-ul-Quran' refers to?

  • A Translation of the Quran
  • B The miraculous inimitability of the Quran
  • C Compilation of the Quran
  • D Memorization of the Quran
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Correct Answer: Option B — The miraculous inimitability of the Quran
Explanation: Ijaz-ul-Quran refers to the miraculous and inimitable nature of the Holy Quran which cannot be replicated by humans. The Quran itself challenges humanity and jinn to produce even one Surah like it (2:23) known as the Tahaddi (challenge). This inimitability exists in its language style meaning linguistic precision and timeless wisdom.
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34
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The concept of 'Sadaqah Jariyah' in Islam refers to?

  • A Obligatory charity
  • B Voluntary continuous charity that benefits after death
  • C Annual alms tax
  • D Charity given in Ramadan
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Correct Answer: Option B — Voluntary continuous charity that benefits after death
Explanation: Sadaqah Jariyah refers to ongoing charitable acts whose benefits continue after the donor's death. Examples include building a mosque funding a well digging education or planting trees. The Prophet (PBUH) stated that when a person dies their deeds end except for three: ongoing charity beneficial knowledge and a righteous child who prays for them.
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35
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Ibn Sina is known in the West as?

  • A Alhazen
  • B Averroes
  • C Avicenna
  • D Albumasar
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Correct Answer: Option C — Avicenna
Explanation: Ibn Sina (980-1037 AD) known in the West as Avicenna is one of the most significant Islamic scholars of the medieval period. His Canon of Medicine remained the standard medical textbook in European universities until the 17th century. He also made major contributions to philosophy logic mathematics and astronomy.
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36
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The last Surah revealed to the Prophet (PBUH) is generally considered to be?

  • A Surah Al-Ikhlas
  • B Surah Al-Nasr
  • C Surah Al-Maidah
  • D Surah At-Tawbah
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Correct Answer: Option C — Surah Al-Maidah
Explanation: According to many classical scholars Surah Al-Maidah was among the last Surahs revealed containing the famous verse (5:3) that declares the completion of religion: Today I have perfected your religion for you. Some scholars also consider verse 281 of Surah Al-Baqarah and Surah An-Nasr as among the very last revelations.
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37
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The Islamic term 'Wahi' refers to?

  • A Divine inspiration or revelation
  • B The Holy Quran text
  • C Prayer recitation
  • D Prophetic tradition
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Correct Answer: Option A — Divine inspiration or revelation
Explanation: Wahi refers to divine revelation or inspired communication from Allah to His prophets and messengers. It came in various forms to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) including through Angel Jibreel direct speech of Allah and true dreams. The Quran states in Surah Ash-Shura (42:51) that it is not for any human being that Allah should speak to them except through Wahi.
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38
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The term 'Nifaq' in Islamic terminology means?

  • A Disbelief
  • B Polytheism
  • C Hypocrisy
  • D Apostasy
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Correct Answer: Option C — Hypocrisy
Explanation: Nifaq refers to hypocrisy in Islamic theology — the condition of outwardly professing Islam while harboring disbelief or malice inwardly. Those guilty of Nifaq are called Munafiqeen (hypocrites). The Quran dedicates Surah Al-Munafiqun (Chapter 63) entirely to describing and warning against this trait which the Prophet identified as extremely dangerous to the Muslim community.
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39
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The Islamic prayer performed for rain is called?

  • A Salat-ul-Istisqa
  • B Salat-ul-Khusuf
  • C Salat-ul-Kusuf
  • D Salat-ul-Janazah
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Correct Answer: Option A — Salat-ul-Istisqa
Explanation: Salat-ul-Istisqa is a special prayer performed to seek rain during periods of drought. It involves two rakats performed in congregation often in an open field followed by a special supplication and the Imam reverses his cloak as a symbolic gesture. This prayer was performed by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and is a recommended Sunnah.
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40
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Which battle is known as the first naval battle in Islamic history?

  • A Battle of the Masts
  • B Battle of Dhul Qassah
  • C Battle of Dhat-ul-Sawari
  • D Battle of Ajnadain
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Correct Answer: Option C — Battle of Dhat-ul-Sawari
Explanation: The Battle of Dhat-ul-Sawari also known as the Battle of the Masts was fought in 655 AD (34 AH) during the caliphate of Hazrat Usman (RA). It was the first major Islamic naval victory fought between a Muslim fleet and the Byzantine navy in the Mediterranean Sea near the coast of modern-day Turkey.
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