Everyday Science MCQs

94 Questions
1
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of immunity is passed from mother to infant through breast milk or placental transfer?

  • A Active immunity
  • B Passive immunity
  • C Innate immunity
  • D Acquired immunity through vaccination
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Correct Answer: Option B — Passive immunity
Explanation: Passive immunity is passed from mother to infant through breast milk or placental transfer providing temporary protection against infections during the early stages of an infant's life.
2
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of immunity is gained through vaccination by introducing a weakened or inactivated pathogen?

  • A Natural immunity
  • B Acquired active immunity
  • C Passive immunity
  • D Innate immunity
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Correct Answer: Option B — Acquired active immunity
Explanation: Acquired active immunity is gained through vaccination by introducing a weakened or inactivated pathogen which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies for future protection.
3
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common food item is fortified with iodine in many countries to prevent deficiency related disorders?

  • A Table salt
  • B Sugar
  • C Cooking oil
  • D Flour
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Correct Answer: Option A — Table salt
Explanation: Table salt is commonly fortified with iodine in many countries as a public health measure to prevent iodine deficiency disorders such as goiter and developmental issues in children.
4
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which mineral deficiency is commonly associated with goiter due to impaired thyroid hormone production?

  • A Iron deficiency
  • B Iodine deficiency
  • C Calcium deficiency
  • D Zinc deficiency
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Correct Answer: Option B — Iodine deficiency
Explanation: Iodine deficiency impairs thyroid hormone production leading to goiter an enlargement of the thyroid gland as the body attempts to compensate for insufficient hormone synthesis.
5
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which essential mineral is critical for oxygen transport in the blood as a key component of hemoglobin?

  • A Calcium
  • B Iron
  • C Zinc
  • D Magnesium
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Correct Answer: Option B — Iron
Explanation: Iron is a critical component of hemoglobin the protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body and its deficiency commonly causes anemia.
6
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which essential mineral is critical for maintaining strong bones and teeth in the human body?

  • A Iron
  • B Calcium
  • C Potassium
  • D Zinc
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Correct Answer: Option B — Calcium
Explanation: Calcium is an essential mineral critical for maintaining strong bones and teeth as well as supporting muscle function nerve transmission and proper blood clotting in the body.
7
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which common preventive health practice helps reduce the transmission of airborne respiratory infections?

  • A Wearing masks
  • B Eating more fruit
  • C Drinking more water
  • D Sleeping longer
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Correct Answer: Option A — Wearing masks
Explanation: Wearing masks helps reduce the transmission of airborne respiratory infections by blocking respiratory droplets that carry viruses or bacteria from spreading between individuals.
8
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common food borne bacterial disease causes prolonged fever and is transmitted through contaminated food and water?

  • A Cholera
  • B Typhoid
  • C Malaria
  • D Dengue
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Correct Answer: Option B — Typhoid
Explanation: Typhoid fever is a bacterial disease caused by Salmonella typhi transmitted through contaminated food and water leading to prolonged fever abdominal pain and other systemic symptoms.
9
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes causes recurring fever and chills due to infection of red blood cells?

  • A Dengue
  • B Malaria
  • C Typhoid
  • D Cholera
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Correct Answer: Option B — Malaria
Explanation: Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes causing recurring fever chills and damage to red blood cells due to infection by Plasmodium parasites.
10
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which mosquito borne disease is characterized by high fever joint pain and a distinctive skin rash?

  • A Malaria
  • B Dengue fever
  • C Typhoid
  • D Cholera
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Correct Answer: Option B — Dengue fever
Explanation: Dengue fever is a mosquito borne viral disease characterized by high fever severe joint and muscle pain and a distinctive skin rash transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes.
11
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which blood condition results from a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin leading to fatigue and weakness?

  • A Hypertension
  • B Anemia
  • C Diabetes
  • D Leukemia
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Correct Answer: Option B — Anemia
Explanation: Anemia results from a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin reducing the blood's oxygen carrying capacity and leading to symptoms such as fatigue weakness and pale skin.
12
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which medical condition is characterized by persistently high blood pressure that can increase the risk of heart disease?

  • A Hypertension
  • B Diabetes
  • C Asthma
  • D Anemia
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Correct Answer: Option A — Hypertension
Explanation: Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure which over time increases the risk of heart disease stroke and kidney damage if untreated.
13
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which respiratory condition involves inflammation and narrowing of the airways causing difficulty in breathing?

  • A Diabetes
  • B Asthma
  • C Arthritis
  • D Hypertension
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Correct Answer: Option B — Asthma
Explanation: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways causing wheezing shortness of breath and difficulty breathing especially during triggers.
14
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which common disease is caused by a deficiency of insulin or the body's inability to use insulin effectively?

  • A Hypertension
  • B Diabetes
  • C Asthma
  • D Arthritis
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Correct Answer: Option B — Diabetes
Explanation: Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by insufficient insulin production or the body's inability to use insulin effectively leading to elevated blood glucose levels over time.
15
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which cell organelle is primarily responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris?

  • A Ribosome
  • B Lysosome
  • C Nucleus
  • D Chloroplast
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Correct Answer: Option B — Lysosome
Explanation: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials cellular debris and damaged organelles playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular cleanliness and recycling.
16
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which cell organelle is responsible for protein synthesis within a cell?

  • A Ribosome
  • B Mitochondria
  • C Lysosome
  • D Golgi apparatus
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Correct Answer: Option A — Ribosome
Explanation: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis within a cell by translating genetic information from messenger RNA into functional protein chains essential for cellular activity.
17
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which cell organelle is often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to its role in energy production?

  • A Nucleus
  • B Mitochondria
  • C Ribosome
  • D Golgi apparatus
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Correct Answer: Option B — Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate ATP through cellular respiration providing the energy required for various cellular functions.
18
Easy fpsc ppsc nts

Which part of a plant cell is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?

  • A Mitochondria
  • B Nucleus
  • C Chloroplast
  • D Vacuole
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Correct Answer: Option C — Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll pigment and are primarily responsible for capturing light energy to drive photosynthesis converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
19
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which scientist is credited with developing the first successful smallpox vaccine?

  • A Louis Pasteur
  • B Robert Koch
  • C Edward Jenner
  • D Alexander Fleming
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Correct Answer: Option C — Edward Jenner
Explanation: Edward Jenner developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796 using cowpox material laying the foundation for the field of immunology and modern vaccination practices.
20
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which scientist developed the process of pasteurization and contributed significantly to the germ theory of disease?

  • A Robert Koch
  • B Louis Pasteur
  • C Alexander Fleming
  • D Edward Jenner
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Correct Answer: Option B — Louis Pasteur
Explanation: Louis Pasteur developed the pasteurization process and made significant contributions to the germ theory of disease demonstrating that microorganisms cause many illnesses and fermentation processes.