Everyday Science MCQs

59 Questions
1
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of immunity is passed from mother to infant through breast milk or placental transfer?

  • A Active immunity
  • B Passive immunity
  • C Innate immunity
  • D Acquired immunity through vaccination
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Correct Answer: Option B — Passive immunity
Explanation: Passive immunity is passed from mother to infant through breast milk or placental transfer providing temporary protection against infections during the early stages of an infant's life.
2
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of immunity is gained through vaccination by introducing a weakened or inactivated pathogen?

  • A Natural immunity
  • B Acquired active immunity
  • C Passive immunity
  • D Innate immunity
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Correct Answer: Option B — Acquired active immunity
Explanation: Acquired active immunity is gained through vaccination by introducing a weakened or inactivated pathogen which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies for future protection.
3
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common food item is fortified with iodine in many countries to prevent deficiency related disorders?

  • A Table salt
  • B Sugar
  • C Cooking oil
  • D Flour
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Correct Answer: Option A — Table salt
Explanation: Table salt is commonly fortified with iodine in many countries as a public health measure to prevent iodine deficiency disorders such as goiter and developmental issues in children.
4
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which mineral deficiency is commonly associated with goiter due to impaired thyroid hormone production?

  • A Iron deficiency
  • B Iodine deficiency
  • C Calcium deficiency
  • D Zinc deficiency
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Correct Answer: Option B — Iodine deficiency
Explanation: Iodine deficiency impairs thyroid hormone production leading to goiter an enlargement of the thyroid gland as the body attempts to compensate for insufficient hormone synthesis.
5
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common food borne bacterial disease causes prolonged fever and is transmitted through contaminated food and water?

  • A Cholera
  • B Typhoid
  • C Malaria
  • D Dengue
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Correct Answer: Option B — Typhoid
Explanation: Typhoid fever is a bacterial disease caused by Salmonella typhi transmitted through contaminated food and water leading to prolonged fever abdominal pain and other systemic symptoms.
6
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Which parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes causes recurring fever and chills due to infection of red blood cells?

  • A Dengue
  • B Malaria
  • C Typhoid
  • D Cholera
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Correct Answer: Option B — Malaria
Explanation: Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes causing recurring fever chills and damage to red blood cells due to infection by Plasmodium parasites.
7
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which mosquito borne disease is characterized by high fever joint pain and a distinctive skin rash?

  • A Malaria
  • B Dengue fever
  • C Typhoid
  • D Cholera
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Correct Answer: Option B — Dengue fever
Explanation: Dengue fever is a mosquito borne viral disease characterized by high fever severe joint and muscle pain and a distinctive skin rash transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes.
8
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which blood condition results from a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin leading to fatigue and weakness?

  • A Hypertension
  • B Anemia
  • C Diabetes
  • D Leukemia
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Correct Answer: Option B — Anemia
Explanation: Anemia results from a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin reducing the blood's oxygen carrying capacity and leading to symptoms such as fatigue weakness and pale skin.
9
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which cell organelle is primarily responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris?

  • A Ribosome
  • B Lysosome
  • C Nucleus
  • D Chloroplast
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Correct Answer: Option B — Lysosome
Explanation: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials cellular debris and damaged organelles playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular cleanliness and recycling.
10
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which cell organelle is responsible for protein synthesis within a cell?

  • A Ribosome
  • B Mitochondria
  • C Lysosome
  • D Golgi apparatus
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Correct Answer: Option A — Ribosome
Explanation: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis within a cell by translating genetic information from messenger RNA into functional protein chains essential for cellular activity.
11
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which scientist is credited with developing the first successful smallpox vaccine?

  • A Louis Pasteur
  • B Robert Koch
  • C Edward Jenner
  • D Alexander Fleming
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Correct Answer: Option C — Edward Jenner
Explanation: Edward Jenner developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796 using cowpox material laying the foundation for the field of immunology and modern vaccination practices.
12
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Which scientist developed the process of pasteurization and contributed significantly to the germ theory of disease?

  • A Robert Koch
  • B Louis Pasteur
  • C Alexander Fleming
  • D Edward Jenner
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Correct Answer: Option B — Louis Pasteur
Explanation: Louis Pasteur developed the pasteurization process and made significant contributions to the germ theory of disease demonstrating that microorganisms cause many illnesses and fermentation processes.
13
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which scientist is known as the father of modern genetics for his work on pea plant inheritance?

  • A Charles Darwin
  • B Gregor Mendel
  • C Louis Pasteur
  • D James Watson
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Correct Answer: Option B — Gregor Mendel
Explanation: Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern genetics due to his pioneering experiments on pea plants that established the fundamental laws of inheritance and trait transmission.
14
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of cell division produces gametes with half the chromosome number for sexual reproduction?

  • A Mitosis
  • B Meiosis
  • C Binary fission
  • D Budding
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Correct Answer: Option B — Meiosis
Explanation: Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes with half the normal chromosome number ensuring genetic diversity during sexual reproduction in organisms.
15
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of cell division produces two genetically identical daughter cells for growth and repair?

  • A Meiosis
  • B Mitosis
  • C Binary fission
  • D Budding
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Correct Answer: Option B — Mitosis
Explanation: Mitosis is the type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells supporting growth tissue repair and the replacement of damaged or aging cells.
16
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which biological process allows water to move across a cell membrane from a region of low solute concentration to high concentration?

  • A Diffusion
  • B Osmosis
  • C Active transport
  • D Filtration
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Correct Answer: Option B — Osmosis
Explanation: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high concentration helping maintain cellular water balance.
17
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Which process allows plants to release excess water vapor through small pores in their leaves?

  • A Photosynthesis
  • B Respiration
  • C Transpiration
  • D Osmosis
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Correct Answer: Option C — Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which plants release excess water vapor through small pores called stomata on their leaves helping regulate temperature and nutrient transport.
18
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common kitchen ingredient is used as a natural indicator to test acidity or basicity in simple science experiments?

  • A Red cabbage extract
  • B Table salt
  • C Sugar
  • D Cooking oil
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Correct Answer: Option A — Red cabbage extract
Explanation: Red cabbage extract contains a natural pigment called anthocyanin that changes color depending on pH making it a popular natural indicator for testing acidity or basicity at home.
19
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which common everyday substance is classified as a strong acid frequently used in car batteries?

  • A Acetic acid
  • B Sulfuric acid
  • C Citric acid
  • D Carbonic acid
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Correct Answer: Option B — Sulfuric acid
Explanation: Sulfuric acid is a strong acid commonly used as the electrolyte in lead acid car batteries enabling the chemical reactions necessary for storing and releasing electrical energy.
20
Medium fpsc ppsc nts

Which type of fat is generally considered healthier and is commonly found in foods like olive oil and nuts?

  • A Saturated fat
  • B Trans fat
  • C Unsaturated fat
  • D Hydrogenated fat
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Correct Answer: Option C — Unsaturated fat
Explanation: Unsaturated fats commonly found in olive oil nuts and avocados are generally considered healthier than saturated or trans fats as they support heart health when consumed in moderation.