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Chemistry MCQs

74 Questions Subject Test
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Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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41
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for sucrose the common table sugar?

  • A C6H12O6
  • B C12H10O11
  • C C12H22O11
  • D C6H10O5
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Correct Answer: Option C — C12H22O11
Explanation: Sucrose the common table sugar has the formula C12H22O11 and is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose joined by a glycosidic bond formed during a condensation reaction.
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42
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Which type of reaction releases energy to the surroundings causing the temperature to rise?

  • A Endothermic
  • B Reversible
  • C Equilibrium
  • D Exothermic
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Correct Answer: Option D — Exothermic
Explanation: Exothermic reactions release energy to the surroundings causing a temperature rise as bonds formed in products are stronger than bonds broken in reactants such as combustion.
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43
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Which type of organic compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms?

  • A Hydrocarbons
  • B Alcohols
  • C Carbohydrates
  • D Carboxylic acids
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Correct Answer: Option A — Hydrocarbons
Explanation: Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms and include alkanes alkenes alkynes and aromatic compounds such as benzene.
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44
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which gas is released during photosynthesis?

  • A Carbon dioxide
  • B Oxygen
  • C Nitrogen
  • D Hydrogen
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Correct Answer: Option B — Oxygen
Explanation: Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct when plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight. This process is vital for maintaining atmospheric oxygen levels that support most life forms on Earth.
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45
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Which type of organic reaction involves the addition of bromine water across a carbon to carbon double bond?

  • A Addition
  • B Substitution
  • C Elimination
  • D Hydrolysis
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Correct Answer: Option A — Addition
Explanation: Addition reactions involve adding molecules across the carbon to carbon double bond of an alkene such as the decolourisation of bromine water used as a test for unsaturation.
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46
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Which polymer is used to make plastic water bottles and is identified by recycling code 1?

  • A PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • B PVC
  • C Polystyrene
  • D Polypropylene
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Correct Answer: Option A — PET polyethylene terephthalate
Explanation: PET or polyethylene terephthalate is the plastic used to make water bottles and food packaging and is identified by the recycling code 1 on containers.
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47
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which gas is responsible for the distinctive smell of rotten eggs?

  • A Methane
  • B Hydrogen sulfide
  • C Ammonia
  • D Sulfur dioxide
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen sulfide
Explanation: Hydrogen sulfide H2S is a colourless toxic gas responsible for the characteristic smell of rotten eggs and is produced by the bacterial decomposition of organic matter.
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48
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Which process adds water to a compound to break chemical bonds in organic reactions?

  • A Dehydration
  • B Oxidation
  • C Reduction
  • D Hydrolysis
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Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrolysis
Explanation: Hydrolysis literally meaning water splitting is the chemical process where water reacts with a compound breaking bonds and splitting the molecule into two or more parts.
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49
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of the compound with formula CuSO4?

  • A Copper sulfide
  • B Copper sulfite
  • C Copper carbonate
  • D Copper sulfate
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Correct Answer: Option D — Copper sulfate
Explanation: CuSO4 is copper sulfate a blue crystalline compound used in agriculture as a fungicide in electroplating and as a laboratory reagent for testing reducing sugars.
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50
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

  • A Respiration
  • B Fermentation
  • C Photosynthesis
  • D Transpiration
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Correct Answer: Option C — Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. This process forms the foundation of most food chains and sustains life on Earth.
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51
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the formula for calculating moles from mass and molar mass?

  • A Moles equals mass times molar mass
  • B Moles equals molar mass divided by mass
  • C Moles equals mass divided by molar mass
  • D Moles equals mass times volume
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Moles equals mass divided by molar mass
Explanation: Moles are calculated by dividing the mass of a substance in grams by its molar mass in grams per mole providing the fundamental calculation in all stoichiometry problems.
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52
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate found in limestone and chalk?

  • A CaSO4
  • B Ca(OH)2
  • C CaCl2
  • D CaCO3
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Correct Answer: Option D — CaCO3
Explanation: Calcium carbonate CaCO3 is the main component of limestone chalk and marble and is also found in shells of marine organisms and is used in construction and as an antacid.
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53
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which element is essential for synthesis of haemoglobin and its deficiency causes anaemia?

  • A Zinc
  • B Calcium
  • C Magnesium
  • D Iron
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Correct Answer: Option D — Iron
Explanation: Iron is an essential component of haemoglobin the protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen and its deficiency causes iron deficiency anaemia the most common nutritional disorder.
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54
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the concentration of a solution measured in moles per litre called?

  • A Normality
  • B Molality
  • C Formality
  • D Molarity
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Correct Answer: Option D — Molarity
Explanation: Molarity is the measure of concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute dissolved per litre of solution with units of mol/L or M.
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55
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for nitric acid used in fertiliser and explosive manufacturing?

  • A H2SO4
  • B HCl
  • C H3PO4
  • D HNO3
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Correct Answer: Option D — HNO3
Explanation: Nitric acid has the formula HNO3 and is a strong oxidising acid used in the production of fertilisers explosives and in metal etching processes.
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56
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which organic functional group is present in alcohols?

  • A Carbonyl group
  • B Hydroxyl group
  • C Carboxyl group
  • D Amino group
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydroxyl group
Explanation: The hydroxyl group OH is the functional group present in all alcohols and is responsible for their characteristic properties such as being able to form hydrogen bonds with water.
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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the name of the vertical columns in the periodic table?

  • A Periods
  • B Blocks
  • C Groups
  • D Rows
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Correct Answer: Option C — Groups
Explanation: Groups are the vertical columns in the periodic table and elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons giving them similar chemical properties and reactivity.
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58
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Which process converts vegetable oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst?

  • A Saponification
  • B Hydrogenation
  • C Esterification
  • D Fermentation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogenation
Explanation: Hydrogenation adds hydrogen gas to unsaturated vegetable oils in the presence of a nickel catalyst converting carbon to carbon double bonds to single bonds producing solid margarine.
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59
Medium ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which element is commonly used in nuclear reactors as fuel?

  • A Uranium
  • B Carbon
  • C Lead
  • D Silicon
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Correct Answer: Option A — Uranium
Explanation: Uranium is widely used as fuel in nuclear reactors due to its ability to undergo nuclear fission, releasing large amounts of energy. This process is harnessed to generate electricity in nuclear power plants worldwide.
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Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which indicator is colourless in acidic solution and pink in alkaline solution?

  • A Litmus
  • B Methyl orange
  • C Universal indicator
  • D Phenolphthalein
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Phenolphthalein
Explanation: Phenolphthalein is colourless in acidic and neutral solutions but turns pink to magenta in alkaline solutions and is commonly used as an indicator in acid-base titrations.
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