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Chemistry MCQs

39 Questions Subject Test

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is found naturally in vinegar?

A Acetic acid
B Sulfuric acid
C Hydrochloric acid
D Citric acid

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Correct Answer: Option A — Acetic acid

Explanation: Acetic acid also known as ethanoic acid is the organic acid found in vinegar at concentrations of 4 to 8 percent giving it its characteristic sour taste and pungent smell.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the atomic number of oxygen?

A 6
B 10
C 8
D 16

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Correct Answer: Option C — 8

Explanation: Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 meaning it has 8 protons in its nucleus and typically 8 electrons in its neutral form with an electronic configuration of 2,6.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the atomic number of carbon?

A 4
B 6
C 8
D 12

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Correct Answer: Option B — 6

Explanation: Carbon has an atomic number of 6 meaning it has 6 protons in its nucleus and 6 electrons in its neutral state making it the basis of all organic chemistry.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which indicator turns red in acidic solutions and blue in alkaline solutions?

A Litmus
B Universal indicator
C Phenolphthalein
D Methyl orange

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Correct Answer: Option A — Litmus

Explanation: Litmus is a natural pH indicator derived from lichens that turns red in acidic solutions with pH below 7 and blue in alkaline solutions with pH above 7.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the lightest element in the periodic table?

A Helium
B Hydrogen
C Lithium
D Beryllium

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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the lightest and simplest element in the periodic table with atomic number 1 consisting of one proton and one electron in its most common form.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the IUPAC name for the simplest hydrocarbon with formula CH4?

A Ethane
B Butane
C Propane
D Methane

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Correct Answer: Option D — Methane

Explanation: Methane CH4 is the simplest hydrocarbon and the first member of the alkane series where carbon atoms form single bonds and the molecule is saturated.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of NaOH?

A Sodium chloride
B Sodium carbonate
C Sodium bicarbonate
D Sodium hydroxide

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Correct Answer: Option D — Sodium hydroxide

Explanation: NaOH is sodium hydroxide also known as caustic soda a strong base used in soap making paper production and as a drain cleaner due to its highly alkaline properties.

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Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the common name for the compound NaCl?

A Baking soda
B Table salt
C Washing soda
D Epsom salt

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Correct Answer: Option B — Table salt

Explanation: Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound essential for human health and widely used as a food seasoning and preservative. It is obtained through mining or evaporation of seawater.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical symbol for lead?

A Pb
B Ld
C Le
D Li

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Correct Answer: Option A — Pb

Explanation: The chemical symbol for lead is Pb derived from the Latin word Plumbum and lead is a dense heavy metal with atomic number 82 used in batteries and radiation shielding.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ozone, the molecule that forms the protective layer in the stratosphere?

A O
B O2
C O3
D O4

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Correct Answer: Option C — O3

Explanation: Ozone has the chemical formula O3 consisting of three oxygen atoms and forms the stratospheric ozone layer that absorbs harmful UV radiation protecting life on Earth.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-OH the simplest alcohol found in beverages?

A Methanol
B Propanol
C Butanol
D Ethanol

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Correct Answer: Option D — Ethanol

Explanation: Ethanol also written as C2H5OH is the simplest alcohol produced by fermentation of sugars and is found in alcoholic beverages used as a solvent and as a biofuel.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which test is used to detect the presence of starch using iodine solution?

A Benedict's test
B Biuret test
C Iodine test
D Flame test

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Correct Answer: Option C — Iodine test

Explanation: The iodine test detects starch by turning iodine solution from yellow-brown to blue-black in the presence of starch due to the triiodide ion fitting within the starch helix.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which element is a liquid at room temperature and is used in thermometers?

A Bromine
B Gallium
C Mercury
D Caesium

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Correct Answer: Option C — Mercury

Explanation: Mercury is a metal that remains liquid at room temperature with a melting point of minus 38.8 degrees Celsius and has been traditionally used in thermometers and barometers.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is present in the human stomach to aid digestion?

A Sulfuric acid
B Nitric acid
C Acetic acid
D Hydrochloric acid

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Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrochloric acid

Explanation: Hydrochloric acid HCl is secreted by the stomach lining to aid protein digestion by activating pepsin and also kills most bacteria ingested with food.

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Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the process of converting a solid directly to a gas called?

A Evaporation
B Condensation
C Sublimation
D Deposition

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Correct Answer: Option C — Sublimation

Explanation: Sublimation is the phase transition where a substance changes directly from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state. Dry ice and iodine crystals are common examples of substances that sublime at normal pressure.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for common table salt?

A KCl
B CaCl2
C MgCl2
D NaCl

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Correct Answer: Option D — NaCl

Explanation: Common table salt has the chemical formula NaCl or sodium chloride formed from the ionic bond between positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions.

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Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is an example of a covalent compound?

A Calcium oxide
B Magnesium chloride
C Sodium chloride
D Water

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Correct Answer: Option D — Water

Explanation: Water is an example of a covalent compound because its hydrogen and oxygen atoms share electrons rather than transferring them completely. This molecular structure gives water its unique properties such as high surface tension.

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Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose using sunlight?

A Respiration
B Transpiration
C Photosynthesis
D Decomposition

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Correct Answer: Option C — Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the chloroplasts of plant cells following the equation 6CO2 plus 6H2O giving C6H12O6 plus 6O2.

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Easy ppsc Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which reaction type involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single product?

A Decomposition reaction
B Combination reaction
C Displacement reaction
D Double displacement reaction

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Correct Answer: Option B — Combination reaction

Explanation: A combination reaction occurs when two or more reactants combine to form a single new product. A common example is the formation of water from the combination of hydrogen and oxygen gases under appropriate conditions.

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Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical symbol for water?

A H2
B HO2
C H3O
D H2O

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Correct Answer: Option D — H2O

Explanation: Water has the chemical formula H2O consisting of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom through covalent bonds forming a polar molecule.

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