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Chemistry MCQs

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of the compound with formula Na2SO4?

A Sodium sulfite
B Sodium sulfate
C Sodium sulfide
D Sodium bisulfate

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Correct Answer: Option B — Sodium sulfate

Explanation: Na2SO4 is sodium sulfate also known as Glauber's salt and is used in the manufacture of detergents glass paper pulp and as a drying agent in organic chemistry.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ethanol the type of alcohol found in beverages?

A C2H5OH
B CH3OH
C C3H7OH
D C4H9OH

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Correct Answer: Option A — C2H5OH

Explanation: Ethanol has the chemical formula C2H5OH and is the type of alcohol produced by fermentation of sugars by yeast and is found in alcoholic beverages and used as a solvent.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for washing soda used in cleaning?

A NaHCO3
B NaCl
C Na2CO3
D NaOH

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Correct Answer: Option C — Na2CO3

Explanation: Washing soda is sodium carbonate Na2CO3 a water softener and cleaning agent used to remove grease and stains and is also used in glass making and paper production.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the valency of carbon that makes it the basis of organic chemistry?

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Correct Answer: Option C — 4

Explanation: Carbon has a valency of 4 meaning it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms allowing it to create an enormous variety of organic compounds through chains and rings.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction occurs when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution?

A Decomposition
B Neutralisation
C Combustion
D Displacement

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Correct Answer: Option D — Displacement

Explanation: Displacement reactions occur when a more reactive metal replaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution as seen when iron displaces copper from copper sulfate solution.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?

A Law of Definite Proportions
B Law of Multiple Proportions
C Law of Conservation of Mass
D Law of Combining Volumes

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Correct Answer: Option C — Law of Conservation of Mass

Explanation: The Law of Conservation of Mass proposed by Lavoisier states that the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in any chemical reaction.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is used in car batteries as the electrolyte?

A Sulfuric acid
B Hydrochloric acid
C Nitric acid
D Acetic acid

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Correct Answer: Option A — Sulfuric acid

Explanation: Sulfuric acid H2SO4 is used as the electrolyte in lead-acid car batteries where it facilitates the electrochemical reactions between lead electrodes to store and release electrical energy.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which process separates a mixture of liquids based on their different boiling points?

A Distillation
B Filtration
C Crystallisation
D Chromatography

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Correct Answer: Option A — Distillation

Explanation: Distillation separates mixtures of liquids with different boiling points by heating the mixture and selectively condensing and collecting vapours of the lower boiling point component.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

What is the chemical formula for sucrose the common table sugar?

A C6H12O6
B C12H10O11
C C12H22O11
D C6H10O5

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Correct Answer: Option C — C12H22O11

Explanation: Sucrose the common table sugar has the formula C12H22O11 and is a disaccharide formed from glucose and fructose joined by a glycosidic bond formed during a condensation reaction.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction releases energy to the surroundings causing the temperature to rise?

A Endothermic
B Reversible
C Equilibrium
D Exothermic

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Correct Answer: Option D — Exothermic

Explanation: Exothermic reactions release energy to the surroundings causing a temperature rise as bonds formed in products are stronger than bonds broken in reactants such as combustion.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of organic compounds contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms?

A Hydrocarbons
B Alcohols
C Carbohydrates
D Carboxylic acids

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Correct Answer: Option A — Hydrocarbons

Explanation: Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms and include alkanes alkenes alkynes and aromatic compounds such as benzene.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which polymer is used to make plastic water bottles and is identified by recycling code 1?

A PET polyethylene terephthalate
B PVC
C Polystyrene
D Polypropylene

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Correct Answer: Option A — PET polyethylene terephthalate

Explanation: PET or polyethylene terephthalate is the plastic used to make water bottles and food packaging and is identified by the recycling code 1 on containers.

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Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is used to detect the presence of starch?

A Iodine solution
B Litmus paper
C Bromine water
D Fehling's solution

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Correct Answer: Option A — Iodine solution

Explanation: Iodine solution is used to detect the presence of starch, turning from brown to a deep blue-black color when it reacts with starch molecules. This simple test is commonly performed in biology and chemistry laboratories.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which gas is responsible for the distinctive smell of rotten eggs?

A Methane
B Hydrogen sulfide
C Ammonia
D Sulfur dioxide

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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen sulfide

Explanation: Hydrogen sulfide H2S is a colourless toxic gas responsible for the characteristic smell of rotten eggs and is produced by the bacterial decomposition of organic matter.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical name of the compound with formula CuSO4?

A Copper sulfide
B Copper sulfite
C Copper carbonate
D Copper sulfate

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Correct Answer: Option D — Copper sulfate

Explanation: CuSO4 is copper sulfate a blue crystalline compound used in agriculture as a fungicide in electroplating and as a laboratory reagent for testing reducing sugars.

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Medium nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the primary use of the element iodine in the human body?

A Blood clotting
B Muscle contraction
C Bone formation
D Thyroid hormone production

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Correct Answer: Option D — Thyroid hormone production

Explanation: Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and development in the human body. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter and other thyroid-related health complications.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate found in limestone and chalk?

A CaSO4
B Ca(OH)2
C CaCl2
D CaCO3

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Correct Answer: Option D — CaCO3

Explanation: Calcium carbonate CaCO3 is the main component of limestone chalk and marble and is also found in shells of marine organisms and is used in construction and as an antacid.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which element is essential for synthesis of haemoglobin and its deficiency causes anaemia?

A Zinc
B Calcium
C Magnesium
D Iron

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Correct Answer: Option D — Iron

Explanation: Iron is an essential component of haemoglobin the protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen and its deficiency causes iron deficiency anaemia the most common nutritional disorder.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for nitric acid used in fertiliser and explosive manufacturing?

A H2SO4
B HCl
C H3PO4
D HNO3

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Correct Answer: Option D — HNO3

Explanation: Nitric acid has the formula HNO3 and is a strong oxidising acid used in the production of fertilisers explosives and in metal etching processes.

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Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the name of the vertical columns in the periodic table?

A Periods
B Blocks
C Groups
D Rows

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Correct Answer: Option C — Groups

Explanation: Groups are the vertical columns in the periodic table and elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons giving them similar chemical properties and reactivity.

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