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Biology MCQs

124 Questions Subject Test
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Build a clear understanding of living organisms, cells, genetics, human systems and the environment through carefully selected practice questions.

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41
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which molecule carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis?

  • A mRNA
  • B tRNA
  • C rRNA
  • D snRNA
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — mRNA
Explanation: Messenger RNA or mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where it serves as a template for protein synthesis through translation.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
42
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which pigment in plants absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?

  • A Chlorophyll
  • B Melanin
  • C Haemoglobin
  • D Keratin
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Correct Answer: Option A — Chlorophyll
Explanation: Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in chloroplasts of plant cells that absorbs sunlight primarily in the red and blue wavelengths to drive the process of photosynthesis.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
43
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which chromosomal disorder is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?

  • A Turner syndrome
  • B Down syndrome
  • C Klinefelter syndrome
  • D Patau syndrome
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Correct Answer: Option B — Down syndrome
Explanation: Down syndrome also called trisomy 21 is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 resulting in intellectual disability and characteristic physical features.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
44
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which vitamin is essential for the formation of collagen and acts as an antioxidant?

  • A Vitamin A
  • B Vitamin C
  • C Vitamin D
  • D Vitamin K
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Correct Answer: Option B — Vitamin C
Explanation: Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis acting as a cofactor for enzymes that stabilise the collagen triple helix and its deficiency causes scurvy.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
45
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reproduction in bacteria involves the cell splitting into two equal daughter cells?

  • A Budding
  • B Binary fission
  • C Fragmentation
  • D Sporulation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Binary fission
Explanation: Binary fission is the primary method of asexual reproduction in bacteria where a single cell replicates its DNA and divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
46
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which species change over time through natural selection?

  • A Adaptation
  • B Evolution
  • C Mutation
  • D Speciation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Evolution
Explanation: Evolution is the process by which populations of organisms change over successive generations through natural selection mutation genetic drift and gene flow.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
47
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which type of muscle is under voluntary control and attached to bones to enable movement?

  • A Cardiac muscle
  • B Skeletal muscle
  • C Smooth muscle
  • D Involuntary muscle
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Correct Answer: Option B — Skeletal muscle
Explanation: Skeletal muscle also called striated or voluntary muscle is attached to bones via tendons and is under conscious control enabling all voluntary body movements and locomotion.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
48
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the bending of a plant toward light called?

  • A Geotropism
  • B Phototropism
  • C Hydrotropism
  • D Thigmotropism
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Correct Answer: Option B — Phototropism
Explanation: Phototropism is the growth response of a plant toward a light source caused by unequal distribution of auxin making cells on the shaded side elongate more than those on the lit side.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
49
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which scientist is known as the Father of Biology?

  • A Charles Darwin
  • B Gregor Mendel
  • C Aristotle
  • D Louis Pasteur
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Correct Answer: Option C — Aristotle
Explanation: Aristotle is widely regarded as the Father of Biology for his systematic study and classification of living organisms in ancient Greece making him the first to create a scientific framework for biology.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
50
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for the symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit?

  • A Commensalism
  • B Parasitism
  • C Mutualism
  • D Amensalism
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Correct Answer: Option C — Mutualism
Explanation: Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms involved benefit from their interaction such as the relationship between bees and flowers.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
51
Easy ppsc Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which process describes the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane?

  • A Diffusion
  • B Osmosis
  • C Active transport
  • D Filtration
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Correct Answer: Option B — Osmosis
Explanation: Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane. This process is vital for maintaining cell shape and fluid balance.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
52
Medium css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for an organism that carries a recessive allele but does not show the trait?

  • A Dominant
  • B Carrier
  • C Homozygous
  • D Heterozygous
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Correct Answer: Option B — Carrier
Explanation: A carrier is an organism that is heterozygous for a recessive allele meaning it carries one dominant and one recessive allele and does not express the recessive trait but can pass it to offspring.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
53
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which blood group is known as the universal donor?

  • A AB positive
  • B A negative
  • C B negative
  • D O negative
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Correct Answer: Option D — O negative
Explanation: O negative blood is the universal donor type because it lacks A B and Rh antigens on red blood cells making it compatible for transfusion to recipients of any blood type.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
54
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily affecting the lungs?

  • A Typhoid
  • B Cholera
  • C Malaria
  • D Tuberculosis
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Correct Answer: Option D — Tuberculosis
Explanation: Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily affecting the lungs and spread through airborne droplets making it one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
55
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for organisms that eat both plants and animals?

  • A Herbivores
  • B Omnivores
  • C Carnivores
  • D Detritivores
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Correct Answer: Option B — Omnivores
Explanation: Omnivores are organisms that consume both plant material and other animals obtaining energy and nutrients from a variety of food sources examples include humans bears and pigs.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
56
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which part of the human brain controls balance and coordinates muscular movement?

  • A Cerebellum
  • B Cerebrum
  • C Medulla oblongata
  • D Thalamus
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements maintains balance and posture and fine-tunes motor activities by processing information from the sensory systems and other brain areas.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
57
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the term for all the organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time?

  • A Community
  • B Ecosystem
  • C Population
  • D Biome
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Correct Answer: Option C — Population
Explanation: A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time who can interbreed and share genetic resources.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
58
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the full form of DNA?

  • A Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
  • B Di-nitrogen Acid
  • C Dinucleic Acid
  • D Deoxyribonucleic Acid
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Correct Answer: Option D — Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Explanation: DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid and is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development functioning growth and reproduction of all known organisms.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
59
Medium fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What happens to enzyme activity when temperature rises significantly above its optimum?

  • A Activity slows gradually then speeds up
  • B Activity remains constant
  • C Enzyme is denatured and loses activity
  • D Enzyme replicates to compensate
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Correct Answer: Option C — Enzyme is denatured and loses activity
Explanation: When temperature rises significantly above the optimum the enzyme is denatured meaning the active site changes shape so the substrate can no longer bind and activity is permanently lost.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
60
Hard css fpsc ppsc Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of white blood cell produces antibodies against specific pathogens?

  • A Neutrophils
  • B B lymphocytes
  • C Monocytes
  • D Eosinophils
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — B lymphocytes
Explanation: B lymphocytes or B cells are white blood cells that produce specific antibodies when activated by an antigen providing targeted humoral immunity against pathogens.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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