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FPSC MCQs

Federal Public Service Commission — Complete MCQ Bank

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241
Chemistry Medium

Which process converts vegetable oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst?

  • ASaponification
  • BHydrogenation
  • CEsterification
  • DFermentation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogenation
Explanation: Hydrogenation adds hydrogen gas to unsaturated vegetable oils in the presence of a nickel catalyst converting carbon to carbon double bonds to single bonds producing solid margarine.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
242
Chemistry Medium

What is the chemical name of aspirin widely used as a pain reliever?

  • AParacetamol
  • BAcetylsalicylic acid
  • CIbuprofen
  • DSalicylic acid
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Correct Answer: Option B — Acetylsalicylic acid
Explanation: Aspirin is the brand name for acetylsalicylic acid synthesised by acetylating salicylic acid and has analgesic anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
243
Chemistry Hard

Which type of isomerism involves compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements?

  • AStructural isomerism
  • BOptical isomerism
  • CGeometric isomerism
  • DDynamic isomerism
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Correct Answer: Option A — Structural isomerism
Explanation: Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms leading to different structural arrangements and distinct physical and chemical properties.
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244
Chemistry Medium

What does Avogadro's number represent?

  • ANumber of atoms in 1 gram of hydrogen
  • BNumber of particles in one mole of a substance
  • CNumber of molecules in 1 litre of gas
  • DNumber of protons in a nucleus
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Correct Answer: Option B — Number of particles in one mole of a substance
Explanation: Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 x 10 to the power 23 and represents the number of atoms molecules or ions contained in one mole of any substance.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
245
Chemistry Hard

Which law states that gases combine in simple whole number ratios by volume at the same temperature and pressure?

  • AGay-Lussac's Law
  • BBoyle's Law
  • CCharles's Law
  • DAvogadro's Law
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Gay-Lussac's Law
Explanation: Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes states that gases react in simple whole number ratios by volume at constant temperature and pressure providing evidence for atomic theory.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
246
Chemistry Easy

What is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide commonly used as an antiseptic?

  • AH2O2
  • BH2O
  • CH3O2
  • DHO2
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Correct Answer: Option A — H2O2
Explanation: Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 is a pale blue liquid used as an antiseptic bleaching agent and rocket propellant differing from water by having an extra oxygen atom.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
247
Chemistry Medium

Which reaction type involves the breaking of a large molecule into smaller ones?

  • ASynthesis
  • BDisplacement
  • CDecomposition
  • DNeutralisation
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Correct Answer: Option C — Decomposition
Explanation: Decomposition reactions break down a single compound into two or more simpler substances often using heat electricity or light as in the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate.
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248
Chemistry Medium

What is the general formula of alkanes where n is the number of carbon atoms?

  • ACnH2n
  • BCnH2n+2
  • CCnHn
  • DCnH2n-2
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Correct Answer: Option B — CnH2n+2
Explanation: Alkanes follow the general formula CnH2n plus 2 where each carbon forms four single bonds and the molecule is fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.
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249
Chemistry Medium

Which type of hydrocarbon contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond?

  • AAlkane
  • BAlkyne
  • CAlkene
  • DArene
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Correct Answer: Option C — Alkene
Explanation: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon to carbon double bond making them more reactive than alkanes and important in polymer production.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
250
Chemistry Easy

What is the IUPAC name for the simplest hydrocarbon with formula CH4?

  • AEthane
  • BButane
  • CPropane
  • DMethane
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Correct Answer: Option D — Methane
Explanation: Methane CH4 is the simplest hydrocarbon and the first member of the alkane series where carbon atoms form single bonds and the molecule is saturated.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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