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FPSC MCQs

Federal Public Service Commission — Complete MCQ Bank

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261
Chemistry Medium

What is the chemical formula for rust formed on iron?

  • AFe2O
  • BFe3O4
  • CFeO
  • DFe2O3
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Correct Answer: Option B — Fe3O4
Explanation: Rust is hydrated iron oxide with the formula Fe2O3 nH2O formed when iron reacts with oxygen and moisture through an electrochemical oxidation process.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
262
Chemistry Medium

Which type of chemical bond exists between water molecules causing its unusually high boiling point?

  • ACovalent bond
  • BHydrogen bond
  • CIonic bond
  • DVan der Waals force
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogen bond
Explanation: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are responsible for water's unusually high boiling point surface tension and many other unique properties essential for life.
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263
Chemistry Easy

Which acid is present in the human stomach to aid digestion?

  • ASulfuric acid
  • BNitric acid
  • CAcetic acid
  • DHydrochloric acid
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Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrochloric acid
Explanation: Hydrochloric acid HCl is secreted by the stomach lining to aid protein digestion by activating pepsin and also kills most bacteria ingested with food.
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264
Chemistry Medium

What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate found in limestone and chalk?

  • ACaSO4
  • BCa(OH)2
  • CCaCl2
  • DCaCO3
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Correct Answer: Option D — CaCO3
Explanation: Calcium carbonate CaCO3 is the main component of limestone chalk and marble and is also found in shells of marine organisms and is used in construction and as an antacid.
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265
Chemistry Medium

Which isotope of carbon is used in radiocarbon dating?

  • ACarbon-12
  • BCarbon-13
  • CCarbon-11
  • DCarbon-14
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Correct Answer: Option D — Carbon-14
Explanation: Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in radiocarbon dating of organic materials because it decays at a known rate allowing scientists to estimate the age of ancient samples.
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266
Chemistry Medium

What is an isotope?

  • AAtoms of different elements with the same mass
  • BAtoms of the same element with different numbers of protons
  • CAtoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different neutrons
  • DAtoms of different elements with the same electrons
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Correct Answer: Option C — Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different neutrons
Explanation: Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons resulting in different mass numbers but similar chemical properties.
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267
Chemistry Hard

Which element has the highest electronegativity on the Pauling scale?

  • AOxygen
  • BChlorine
  • CNitrogen
  • DFluorine
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Correct Answer: Option D — Fluorine
Explanation: Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all elements at 3.98 on the Pauling scale due to its small atomic size and high effective nuclear charge on its outer electrons.
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268
Chemistry Easy

What is the chemical name of NaOH?

  • ASodium chloride
  • BSodium carbonate
  • CSodium bicarbonate
  • DSodium hydroxide
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Correct Answer: Option D — Sodium hydroxide
Explanation: NaOH is sodium hydroxide also known as caustic soda a strong base used in soap making paper production and as a drain cleaner due to its highly alkaline properties.
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269
Chemistry Easy

Which type of reaction involves an acid reacting with a base to form salt and water?

  • ADecomposition
  • BRedox
  • CNeutralisation
  • DPrecipitation
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Correct Answer: Option C — Neutralisation
Explanation: Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water for example hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water.
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270
Chemistry Easy

What is the chemical formula for methane, the main component of natural gas?

  • AC2H6
  • BCH4
  • CC3H8
  • DC2H4
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Correct Answer: Option B — CH4
Explanation: Methane has the chemical formula CH4 consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms and is the simplest alkane and the primary component of natural gas.
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