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Chemistry MCQs

58 Questions Subject Test
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Practice the essential concepts of matter, atomic structure, chemical reactions, bonding and everyday applications of chemistry.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingReactionsOrganic Chemistry
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21
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the chemical name for vinegar's active ingredient?

  • A Formic acid
  • B Citric acid
  • C Ethanol
  • D Acetic acid
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — Acetic acid
Explanation: The active ingredient in vinegar is acetic acid, a weak organic acid produced through the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria. It gives vinegar its distinctive sour taste and preservative properties.
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22
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which element is a liquid at room temperature and is used in thermometers?

  • A Bromine
  • B Gallium
  • C Mercury
  • D Caesium
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Correct Answer: Option C — Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is a metal that remains liquid at room temperature with a melting point of minus 38.8 degrees Celsius and has been traditionally used in thermometers and barometers.
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23
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which acid is present in the human stomach to aid digestion?

  • A Sulfuric acid
  • B Nitric acid
  • C Acetic acid
  • D Hydrochloric acid
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Correct Answer: Option D — Hydrochloric acid
Explanation: Hydrochloric acid HCl is secreted by the stomach lining to aid protein digestion by activating pepsin and also kills most bacteria ingested with food.
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24
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the term for substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances?

  • A Compounds
  • B Mixtures
  • C Elements
  • D Solutions
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Elements
Explanation: Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, as they consist of only one type of atom. There are 118 known elements listed in the periodic table.
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25
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which subatomic particle has no charge?

  • A Proton
  • B Electron
  • C Neutron
  • D Positron
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Neutron
Explanation: Neutrons are electrically neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons. They contribute to atomic mass but do not affect the atom's charge or its chemical bonding behavior.
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26
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which of the following is an alkaline earth metal?

  • A Potassium
  • B Sodium
  • C Calcium
  • D Aluminium
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Calcium
Explanation: Calcium belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table, classified as alkaline earth metals. These elements have two valence electrons and are less reactive than alkali metals but still readily form +2 ions in compounds.
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27
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for common table salt?

  • A KCl
  • B CaCl2
  • C MgCl2
  • D NaCl
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — NaCl
Explanation: Common table salt has the chemical formula NaCl or sodium chloride formed from the ionic bond between positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions.
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28
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the atomic number of an element determined by?

  • A Number of neutrons
  • B Number of protons
  • C Number of electrons
  • D Atomic mass
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Number of protons
Explanation: The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons present in its nucleus. This number uniquely identifies each element and determines its position in the periodic table and chemical behavior.
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29
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the process by which plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose using sunlight?

  • A Respiration
  • B Transpiration
  • C Photosynthesis
  • D Decomposition
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Photosynthesis
Explanation: Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the chloroplasts of plant cells following the equation 6CO2 plus 6H2O giving C6H12O6 plus 6O2.
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30
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the common name for sodium hydroxide?

  • A Lime
  • B Baking soda
  • C Caustic soda
  • D Washing soda
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Caustic soda
Explanation: Sodium hydroxide is commonly known as caustic soda, a strong base widely used in soap making, paper production, and industrial cleaning. It is highly corrosive and must be handled with appropriate safety precautions.
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31
Easy ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical symbol for water?

  • A H2
  • B HO2
  • C H3O
  • D H2O
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option D — H2O
Explanation: Water has the chemical formula H2O consisting of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom through covalent bonds forming a polar molecule.
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32
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons?

  • A Covalent bond
  • B Ionic bond
  • C Metallic bond
  • D Coordinate bond
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Ionic bond
Explanation: An ionic bond forms through the complete transfer of one or more electrons from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other through strong electrostatic forces.
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33
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which type of reaction involves an acid reacting with a base to form salt and water?

  • A Decomposition
  • B Redox
  • C Neutralisation
  • D Precipitation
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — Neutralisation
Explanation: Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water for example hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water.
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34
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

Which acid is present in vinegar?

  • A Citric acid
  • B Acetic acid
  • C Lactic acid
  • D Formic acid
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Acetic acid
Explanation: Vinegar contains acetic acid, typically at a concentration of 4-8%. This weak organic acid gives vinegar its characteristic sour taste and pungent smell, and is produced through fermentation of ethanol by bacteria.
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35
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the pH of pure water at 25 degrees Celsius?

  • A 5
  • B 9
  • C 7
  • D 14
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — 7
Explanation: Pure water has a pH of exactly 7 at 25 degrees Celsius making it neutral as it contains equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
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36
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

Which gas turns limewater milky when bubbled through it?

  • A Oxygen
  • B Carbon dioxide
  • C Hydrogen
  • D Sulfur dioxide
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky when bubbled through it as it reacts with calcium hydroxide to produce insoluble calcium carbonate as a white precipitate.
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37
Easy nts Uploaded: 07 Aug 2026

What is the term for a mixture of two or more metals?

  • A Compound
  • B Alloy
  • C Solution
  • D Colloid
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option B — Alloy
Explanation: An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals, or a metal combined with a nonmetal, designed to enhance properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, or durability. Bronze and steel are common examples of alloys.
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38
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for ammonia?

  • A NO2
  • B N2H4
  • C NH3
  • D NH4
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option C — NH3
Explanation: Ammonia has the chemical formula NH3 consisting of one nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and is widely used in fertiliser production and as a cleaning agent.
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39
Easy fpsc ppsc nts Uploaded: 14 Jul 2026

What is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide commonly used as an antiseptic?

  • A H2O2
  • B H2O
  • C H3O2
  • D HO2
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — H2O2
Explanation: Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 is a pale blue liquid used as an antiseptic bleaching agent and rocket propellant differing from water by having an extra oxygen atom.
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40
Easy nts Uploaded: 06 Aug 2026

Which subatomic particle has no electric charge?

  • A Neutron
  • B Electron
  • C Proton
  • D Ion
Permalink
Correct Answer: Option A — Neutron
Explanation: Neutrons are electrically neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons. They contribute to the atomic mass but do not affect the overall charge of the atom, unlike protons and electrons.
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