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FPSC MCQs

Federal Public Service Commission — Complete MCQ Bank

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341
Physics Medium

Which type of radiation has the highest penetrating power?

  • AAlpha radiation
  • BGamma radiation
  • CBeta radiation
  • DNeutron radiation
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Correct Answer: Option B — Gamma radiation
Explanation: Gamma radiation is highly penetrating electromagnetic radiation that can pass through most materials and requires dense materials like thick lead or concrete for adequate shielding.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
342
Physics Medium

What is the Doppler effect in the context of sound waves?

  • AChange in speed of sound due to medium
  • BChange in amplitude of sound near a source
  • CEcho formation from hard surfaces
  • DApparent change in frequency due to relative motion between source and observer
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Correct Answer: Option D — Apparent change in frequency due to relative motion between source and observer
Explanation: The Doppler effect describes the apparent change in frequency of sound or light when the source and observer are in relative motion with frequency increasing as they approach and decreasing as they move apart.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
343
Physics Medium

Which experiment proved that the atom has a small dense positively charged nucleus?

  • ARutherford's gold foil experiment
  • BMillikan's oil drop experiment
  • CYoung's double slit experiment
  • DMichelson-Morley experiment
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Correct Answer: Option A — Rutherford's gold foil experiment
Explanation: Rutherford's gold foil experiment in 1909 proved that atoms have a small dense positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space through which alpha particles passed.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
344
Physics Medium

Which model of the atom describes electrons orbiting the nucleus in specific energy levels?

  • AThomson's Plum Pudding model
  • BRutherford's model
  • CDalton's model
  • DBohr's atomic model
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Correct Answer: Option D — Bohr's atomic model
Explanation: Bohr's atomic model proposed in 1913 describes electrons orbiting the nucleus in fixed energy levels or shells and electrons emit or absorb energy when transitioning between levels.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
345
Physics Hard

Which principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and momentum of a particle?

  • APauli Exclusion Principle
  • BSuperposition Principle
  • CCorrespondence Principle
  • DHeisenberg Uncertainty Principle
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Correct Answer: Option D — Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Explanation: Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that the more precisely the position of a particle is determined the less precisely its momentum can be known and vice versa.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
346
Physics Medium

What is the name of the quantum of electromagnetic radiation?

  • AElectron
  • BNeutron
  • CProton
  • DPhoton
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Correct Answer: Option D — Photon
Explanation: A photon is the quantum or smallest discrete unit of electromagnetic radiation carrying energy proportional to its frequency as described by Planck's equation E equals hf.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
347
Physics Medium

Who explained the photoelectric effect and won the Nobel Prize for it in 1921?

  • AAlbert Einstein
  • BMax Planck
  • CNiels Bohr
  • DErnest Rutherford
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Correct Answer: Option A — Albert Einstein
Explanation: Albert Einstein explained the photoelectric effect in 1905 by proposing that light consists of discrete packets of energy called photons and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for this work.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
348
Physics Hard

Which effect describes the emission of electrons from a metal surface when light of sufficient frequency falls on it?

  • ACompton effect
  • BZeeman effect
  • CPhotoelectric effect
  • DDoppler effect
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Correct Answer: Option C — Photoelectric effect
Explanation: The photoelectric effect describes the emission of electrons from a metal surface when light above a threshold frequency strikes it and was explained by Einstein winning him the Nobel Prize.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
349
Physics Hard

What is the phenomenon where certain materials offer zero electrical resistance below a critical temperature?

  • ASemiconduction
  • BFerromagnetism
  • CPiezoelectricity
  • DSuperconductivity
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Correct Answer: Option D — Superconductivity
Explanation: Superconductivity is the phenomenon where certain materials exhibit zero electrical resistance and expel magnetic fields when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
350
Physics Hard

Which law states that the induced EMF in a conductor is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux?

  • AOhm's Law
  • BCoulomb's Law
  • CAmpere's Law
  • DFaraday's Law
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Correct Answer: Option D — Faraday's Law
Explanation: Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction states that the magnitude of the induced EMF equals the rate of change of magnetic flux through a circuit forming the basis of generators and transformers.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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