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FPSC MCQs

Federal Public Service Commission — Complete MCQ Bank

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11
Chemistry Medium

What is the formula for calculating moles from mass and molar mass?

  • AMoles equals mass times molar mass
  • BMoles equals molar mass divided by mass
  • CMoles equals mass divided by molar mass
  • DMoles equals mass times volume
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Correct Answer: Option C — Moles equals mass divided by molar mass
Explanation: Moles are calculated by dividing the mass of a substance in grams by its molar mass in grams per mole providing the fundamental calculation in all stoichiometry problems.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
12
Chemistry Medium

Which process is used to separate crude oil into useful fractions based on different boiling points?

  • AFractional distillation
  • BChromatography
  • CCrystallisation
  • DFiltration
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Correct Answer: Option A — Fractional distillation
Explanation: Fractional distillation separates crude oil into fractions with different boiling points in a fractionating column producing petrol kerosene diesel lubricating oil and bitumen.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
13
Chemistry Medium

Which element is liquid at room temperature and is the only non-metal element in this state?

  • AMercury
  • BBromine
  • CGallium
  • DCaesium
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Correct Answer: Option B — Bromine
Explanation: Bromine is the only non-metal element that exists as a liquid at room temperature appearing as a reddish-brown volatile liquid with a pungent irritating smell.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
14
Chemistry Hard

What is the term for the energy required to remove one electron from a gaseous atom?

  • AElectron affinity
  • BElectronegativity
  • CLattice energy
  • DIonisation energy
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Correct Answer: Option D — Ionisation energy
Explanation: Ionisation energy is the minimum energy required to remove one electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state with first ionisation energy increasing across a period and decreasing down a group.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
15
Chemistry Hard

Which element in Group 1 of the periodic table reacts most vigorously with water?

  • ALithium
  • BSodium
  • CCaesium
  • DPotassium
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Correct Answer: Option C — Caesium
Explanation: Caesium the heaviest stable Group 1 alkali metal reacts most vigorously with water due to its large atomic radius and low ionisation energy resulting in an explosive reaction.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
16
Chemistry Medium

Which type of organic reaction involves the addition of bromine water across a carbon to carbon double bond?

  • AAddition
  • BSubstitution
  • CElimination
  • DHydrolysis
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Correct Answer: Option A — Addition
Explanation: Addition reactions involve adding molecules across the carbon to carbon double bond of an alkene such as the decolourisation of bromine water used as a test for unsaturation.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
17
Chemistry Medium

What is formed when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid?

  • AEster and water
  • BSalt and water
  • CSoap
  • DAlkene and water
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Correct Answer: Option A — Ester and water
Explanation: When an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid an esterification reaction occurs producing an ester and water and this reaction requires an acid catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid.
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18
Chemistry Medium

Which organic functional group is present in carboxylic acids?

  • AHydroxyl group
  • BCarboxyl group COOH
  • CCarbonyl group
  • DAmino group
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Correct Answer: Option B — Carboxyl group COOH
Explanation: The carboxyl group COOH is the functional group present in all carboxylic acids and is responsible for their acidic properties as it can donate a proton to a base.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
19
Chemistry Medium

Which organic functional group is present in alcohols?

  • ACarbonyl group
  • BHydroxyl group
  • CCarboxyl group
  • DAmino group
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Correct Answer: Option B — Hydroxyl group
Explanation: The hydroxyl group OH is the functional group present in all alcohols and is responsible for their characteristic properties such as being able to form hydrogen bonds with water.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
20
Chemistry Medium

What is the chemical formula for calcium hydroxide also known as slaked lime?

  • ACaO
  • BCaCO3
  • CCa(OH)2
  • DCaCl2
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Correct Answer: Option C — Ca(OH)2
Explanation: Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 also called slaked lime is made by adding water to quicklime CaO and is used in construction water treatment and to neutralise acidic soils.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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