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Chemistry Medium CSS FPSC PPSC Uploaded: 05 Aug 2026

Which chemical process converts vegetable oils into solid fats by adding hydrogen gas?

  • A Saponification
  • B Hydrogenation
  • C Esterification
  • D Fermentation
Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogenation
Explanation:
Hydrogenation adds hydrogen gas to unsaturated vegetable oils in the presence of a nickel catalyst converting carbon-to-carbon double bonds to single bonds producing solid margarine.
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