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CSS MCQs

Civil Superior Services — Complete MCQ Bank

899 Questions
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How to prepare for CSS

CSS is Pakistan’s premier federal competitive examination. Strong preparation requires conceptual clarity, broad general knowledge and consistent practice across compulsory and optional areas.

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851
Computer Science Medium

What is the primary purpose of normalization in relational databases?

  • AIncrease redundancy
  • BReduce redundancy
  • CIncrease storage space
  • DImprove graphics rendering
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Correct Answer: Option B — Reduce redundancy
Explanation: Normalization organizes data into structured tables to minimize redundancy and dependency issues. It improves data integrity, reduces update anomalies, and makes databases easier to maintain and scale in real-world applications.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
852
Computer Science Medium

Which data structure is most suitable for implementing recursion?

  • AQueue
  • BArray
  • CStack
  • DHeap
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Correct Answer: Option C — Stack
Explanation: Recursion relies on the call stack to store function calls, local variables, and return addresses. Every recursive call creates a new stack frame, which is removed when the function returns. This makes the stack the fundamental data structure behind recursion.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
853
Computer Science Medium

What is the purpose of a firewall?

  • AIncrease processor speed
  • BProtect networks from unauthorized access
  • CStore files permanently
  • DCompress data
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Correct Answer: Option B — Protect networks from unauthorized access
Explanation: A firewall monitors and filters network traffic according to predefined security rules. It acts as a barrier between trusted and untrusted networks, helping prevent unauthorized access and cyberattacks.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
854
Computer Science Medium

What is encapsulation in object-oriented programming?

  • ACombining data and methods into a single unit
  • BCreating multiple classes
  • CExecuting parallel processes
  • DAllocating memory dynamically
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Correct Answer: Option A — Combining data and methods into a single unit
Explanation: Encapsulation is the process of bundling data and methods within a class while restricting direct access to internal details. It improves modularity, maintainability, and security by controlling how data is accessed and modified.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
855
Computer Science Medium

What is the time complexity of Binary Search in the worst case?

  • AO(n)
  • BO(log n)
  • CO(n²)
  • DO(1)
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Correct Answer: Option B — O(log n)
Explanation: Binary Search repeatedly divides a sorted dataset into halves until the target value is found or determined absent. Because the search space is halved each step, the worst-case time complexity is logarithmic, O(log n).
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
856
Computer Science Medium

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing packets?

  • ATransport Layer
  • BNetwork Layer
  • CSession Layer
  • DPresentation Layer
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Correct Answer: Option B — Network Layer
Explanation: The Network Layer is responsible for logical addressing and routing of packets between networks. Protocols such as IP operate at this layer, enabling data to travel across interconnected networks efficiently.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
857
Computer Science Medium

Which data structure follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle?

  • AQueue
  • BArray
  • CStack
  • DLinked List
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Correct Answer: Option C — Stack
Explanation: A stack follows the Last In First Out principle, meaning the most recently added element is removed first. Stacks are widely used in function calls, recursion, expression evaluation, and memory management.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
858
Islamic Studies Easy

Which city became the first capital of the Islamic state after Hijrah?

  • ATaif
  • BMakkah
  • CMadinah
  • DJerusalem
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Correct Answer: Option C — Madinah
Explanation: After the Hijrah, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established the first Islamic state in Madinah which became the center of Islamic governance and society.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
859
Islamic Studies Easy

What is the Arabic term for compulsory charity in Islam?

  • ASadaqah
  • BZakat
  • CFitrana
  • DKhairat
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Correct Answer: Option B — Zakat
Explanation: Zakat is a compulsory form of charity and one of the five pillars of Islam intended to help the poor and purify wealth.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
860
Islamic Studies Easy

Which angel brought revelations to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?

  • AMikail (AS)
  • BIsrafil (AS)
  • CJibreel (AS)
  • DIzrail (AS)
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Correct Answer: Option C — Jibreel (AS)
Explanation: Angel Jibreel (AS) was responsible for bringing Allah's revelations to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) over a period of twenty-three years.
Submitted by: PaperMCQs
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