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CSS MCQs

Civil Superior Services — Complete MCQ Bank

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CSS is Pakistan’s premier federal competitive examination. Strong preparation requires conceptual clarity, broad general knowledge and consistent practice across compulsory and optional areas.

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541
Islamic Studies Medium

The Islamic concept of 'Amanah' (trust) encompasses which spheres of life?

  • AFinancial dealings only
  • BAll responsibilities entrusted to a person
  • CReligious obligations only
  • DFamily duties only
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Correct Answer: Option B — All responsibilities entrusted to a person
Explanation: Amanah means trustworthiness and fulfilling all responsibilities entrusted to a person. It encompasses financial honesty keeping secrets fulfilling promises maintaining public duties and being true in personal relationships. The Quran in Surah Al-Anfal (8:27) warns against betraying Allah and the Prophet and betraying trusts knowingly. The Prophet's own title was Al-Amin (the Trustworthy).
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542
Islamic Studies Medium

The migration of Muslims to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) was the first migration in Islam. Which Christian king gave them refuge?

  • AKing Negus (Ashama ibn Abjar)
  • BKing Heraclius
  • CKing Khosrow
  • DKing Cyrus
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Correct Answer: Option A — King Negus (Ashama ibn Abjar)
Explanation: The Negus (Ashama ibn Abjar) the Christian king of Abyssinia gave refuge to the first Muslim migrants who fled Makkah in 615 AD. When Quraysh representatives demanded their return he refused after hearing the Quranic verses about Prophet Isa (AS). He later accepted Islam privately. This migration demonstrated the Prophet's wisdom in seeking international protection for early Muslims.
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543
Islamic Studies Medium

Which companion of the Prophet (PBUH) is known as the 'Gate of Knowledge'?

  • AHazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
  • BHazrat Umar (RA)
  • CHazrat Ali (RA)
  • DHazrat Ibn Abbas (RA)
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Correct Answer: Option C — Hazrat Ali (RA)
Explanation: Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) is referred to as the Gate of Knowledge based on a saying attributed to the Prophet (PBUH): I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate. He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet and is revered in both Sunni and Shia traditions for his profound knowledge jurisprudence and eloquence.
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544
Islamic Studies Medium

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) performed how many Hajj pilgrimages?

  • A1
  • B2
  • C3
  • D4
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Correct Answer: Option A — 1
Explanation: Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) performed only one Hajj in his lifetime known as Hajjat-ul-Wada (the Farewell Hajj) in 10 AH (632 AD) just a few months before his death. During this pilgrimage he delivered the famous Farewell Sermon establishing key Islamic principles. He had performed Umrah on multiple occasions but this was his only complete Hajj.
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545
Islamic Studies Hard

In Islamic jurisprudence the principle of Maslaha refers to?

  • AStrict literal interpretation
  • BPublic interest or welfare
  • CConsensus of scholars
  • DAnalogical reasoning
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Correct Answer: Option B — Public interest or welfare
Explanation: Maslaha refers to the concept of public interest or general welfare in Islamic jurisprudence. It is used by scholars to derive rulings that promote benefit and prevent harm to the Muslim community especially in situations not explicitly addressed by existing texts. It is an important principle particularly in contemporary Islamic legal thought addressing modern challenges.
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546
Islamic Studies Hard

The famous Islamic astronomer who proved the Earth is spherical and calculated its circumference was?

  • AIbn Sina
  • BAl-Biruni
  • CAl-Battani
  • DAl-Farghani
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Correct Answer: Option B — Al-Biruni
Explanation: Al-Biruni (973-1048 AD) was a brilliant Islamic polymath who calculated the Earth's circumference with remarkable accuracy using trigonometric methods. He also proved Earth's rotation and made extraordinary contributions to astronomy mathematics history anthropology and pharmacology. His book Kitab al-Hind is considered a masterpiece of comparative anthropological study of Indian civilization.
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547
Islamic Studies Hard

The Islamic principle that no person shall bear the burden of another's sins is called?

  • ATawbah
  • BKaffarah
  • CIndividual accountability (La taziru waziraton wizra okhra)
  • DMizan
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Correct Answer: Option C — Individual accountability (La taziru waziraton wizra okhra)
Explanation: The Quran explicitly states in multiple verses including Surah Al-Anam (6:164) that no soul shall bear the burden of another. This principle of individual accountability is fundamental to Islamic theology and justice. Every person is responsible solely for their own deeds and will stand before Allah on the Day of Judgment to account for their own choices.
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548
Islamic Studies Hard

Which Islamic scholar wrote the monumental work Ihya Ulum al-Din?

  • AIbn Rushd
  • BIbn Taymiyyah
  • CAl-Ghazali
  • DAl-Mawardi
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Correct Answer: Option C — Al-Ghazali
Explanation: Imam Al-Ghazali's Ihya Ulum al-Din (Revival of the Religious Sciences) is a comprehensive guide to Islamic living covering worship social conduct and spiritual purification. Written in the 11th century it addresses how to integrate formal religious practice with inner spiritual development. It remains one of the most read and referenced works in Islamic literature globally.
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549
Islamic Studies Hard

The Islamic jurisprudential term Ijtihad refers to?

  • AFollowing established rulings
  • BIndependent scholarly reasoning to derive new rulings
  • CConsensus of scholars
  • DAnalogical deduction
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Correct Answer: Option B — Independent scholarly reasoning to derive new rulings
Explanation: Ijtihad refers to the independent exercise of scholarly reasoning to derive new religious rulings on matters not explicitly addressed in the Quran and Sunnah. A scholar qualified to perform Ijtihad is called a Mujtahid. Many classical scholars debated whether the gate of Ijtihad is still open with most contemporary scholars affirming that qualified scholars can and should continue practicing it.
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550
Islamic Studies Medium

The concept of Shura in Islamic governance means?

  • AAbsolute monarchy
  • BMilitary rule
  • CConsultation and democratic deliberation
  • DTheocratic dictatorship
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Correct Answer: Option C — Consultation and democratic deliberation
Explanation: Shura refers to the Islamic principle of consultation and deliberation in decision-making. The Quran in Surah Al-Shura (42:38) praises believers who conduct their affairs through mutual consultation. The Prophet (PBUH) regularly consulted his companions on matters not explicitly addressed by revelation. It forms the basis of Islamic democratic thought and governance theory.
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